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张掖湿地宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳种群的空间分布格局与关联性分析

冯威,赵成章*,韩玲,徐婷,郑慧玲,段贝贝   

  1. (西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃省湿地资源保护与产业发展工程研究中心, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2016-10-10 发布日期:2016-10-10

Spatial pattern and spatial association of Myricaria bracteata and Tamarix ramosissima in Zhangye wetland.

FENG Wei, ZHAO Cheng-zhang*, HAN Ling, XU Ting, ZHENG Hui-ling, DUAN Bei-bei   

  1. (Research Center of Wetland Resources Protection and Industrial Development Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China).
  • Online:2016-10-10 Published:2016-10-10

摘要: 植物种群的空间格局及关联性是植物与环境协同适应的结果。利用群落学调查法和点格局分析法,在黑河中游洪泛平原湿地选择砾石(Ⅰ)、半裸露砾石(Ⅱ)、粗砂(Ⅲ)和粉砂(Ⅳ)4种土壤质地环境样地,分析了宽苞水柏枝(Myricaria bracteata)和多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)种群的空间分布格局和种间关联关系。结果表明:随着土壤粒级由粗变细,宽苞水柏枝的植株高度先减小后增大、分枝数和植株密度逐渐减小、一级小株丛比例逐渐降低,多枝柽柳植株高度和分枝数逐渐增大、密度和一级小株丛比例先增大后减小;宽苞水柏枝在样地Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ内呈现不同尺度的聚集分布,聚集分布由较大尺度向较小尺度过渡,在样地Ⅳ内所有尺度上为随机分布;多枝柽柳在样地Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ内呈现相反的聚集分布变化趋势,在样地Ⅳ内所有尺度上为随机分布。在样地Ⅰ和Ⅲ,宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳之间表现为负相关和不相关,在样地Ⅱ从负相关过渡到正相关,在样地Ⅳ从负相关过渡到不相关。环境异质性作用下的洪泛平原湿地植物不对称竞争关系,引起植物种群优势地位发生更替、空间格局发生尺度转换,反映了植物的环境适应性策略。

关键词: 土壤呼吸, Q10, 科尔沁沙地, R10, 氮肥

Abstract: The spatial patterns and spatial association of plant populations are the results of coordinated adaptation of plants to environment. The spatial distribution and spatial association of Myricaria bracteata and Tamarix ramosissima were studied by using the methods of community survey and point pattern analysis. Four types of soil texture plots were chosen, including gravelly soil (Ⅰ), half naked gravel soil (Ⅱ), coarse sand (Ⅲ), and silty sand (Ⅳ) in the floodplain wetland of middle reaches of the Heihe River. The results showed that, with the size fraction of soil changing from coarse to fine, the M. bracteata plant height decreased firstly and then increased, twig number, branch density and the proportion of small bunch declined, while the T. ramosissima plant height and twig number increased, branch density and the proportion of small bunch increased firstly and then decreased. At the plots Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the M. bracteata population showed a clumped distribution on different scales, which shifted from a larger scale to a smaller scale, while it showed a random distribution on all scales at the plot Ⅳ. At the plots Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the T. ramosissima population showed a clumped distribution but with an opposite variation trend, while it showed a random distribution on all scales at the plot Ⅳ. At the plots Ⅰ and Ⅲ, the spatial association between M. bracteata and T. ramosissima showed a negative correlation or no significant correlation; at the plot Ⅱ, the spatial association transferred from significantly negative to significantly positive; at the plot Ⅳ, the spatial association shifted from significantly negative to not significantly. With the effects of environmental heterogeneity in the floodplain wetland, the plants’ asymmetric competition caused the change of dominant position of plant population and the scale transformation of spatial patterns, reflecting the strategy of plant’s adaptation to environment.

Key words: soil respiration, nitrogen fertilizer, R10., Keerqin sandy land, Q10