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• 方法与技术 • 上一篇    

基于稳定同位素技术对长江口主要渔业生物营养级的研究

闫光松1,2,张涛1,赵峰1,王思凯1,杨刚1,王妤1,章龙珍1*#br#   

  1. (1农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090; 2上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306)
  • 出版日期:2016-11-10 发布日期:2016-11-10

A study on trophic level of the major fishery species from the Yangtze Estuary based on stable isotope technology.

YAN Guang-song1,2, ZHANG Tao1, ZHAO Feng1, WANG Si-kai1, YANG Gang1, WANG Yu1, ZHANG Long-zhen1*#br#   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Fisheries Ecology of the Yangtze Estuary, China Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; 2College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China).
  • Online:2016-11-10 Published:2016-11-10

摘要:

2014年11月至2015年10月在长江口采集到33种鱼类和9种无脊椎动物,分析了常见渔业生物的同位素组成与营养级结构。结果表明:长江口常见渔业生物的同位素变化幅度较大,其中鱼类的δ15N和δ13C值范围分别为9.26‰~15.39‰和-29.78‰~-14.25‰;无脊椎动物δ15N和δ13C值范围分别为7.73‰~13.53‰和-22.22‰~-14.84‰。以底栖动物毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata)作为基线生物,计算出各物种相应的营养级,鱼类营养级范围为2.49~4.60,属于3个营养级,其中中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)营养级最高(4.60±0.02),杂食性鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)营养级最低(2.49±0.02);无脊椎动物营养级范围是2.00~3.84,属于2个营养级,中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)最高(3.84±0.02)。对棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)、中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)和斑尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobius ommaturus)3种鱼类不同体长的营养级进行分析,结果发现,随鱼体体长的增加营养级均有相应增大趋势,这可能是由于随着鱼类生长及其摄食习性发生变化导致其营养级也随之发生改变。本研究初步建立了长江口水域食物网连续营养谱,为渔业资源开发及保护提供了依据。
 

关键词: 土壤养分, 植被类型, 克里金, 回归模型, 空间预测

Abstract: Thirty three fishes and nine species of invertebrates were collected in the Yangtze Estuary during November 2014 to October 2015. The isotope composition and trophic level of common fishery organisms were analyzed by using the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope techniques. The results showed that fishery organisms had great variations in stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. δ15N values of fish ranged from 9.26‰ to 15.39‰, and δ13C values ranged from -29.78‰ to -14.25‰; invertebrates showed δ15N values between 7.73‰ and 13.53‰, and δ13C values from -22.22‰ to -14.84 ‰. We calculated the trophic level of each consumer by Scapharca subcrenata as baseline animal. The result showed that the trophic level of fishes ranged from 2.49 to 4.60 (including 3 levels); carnivorous Acipenser sinensis showed the highest level (4.60±0.02), while Hypophthalmichthys molitrix showed the lowest level (2.49±0.02); invertebrates ranged from 2.00 to 3.84 (including 2 levels), and crab Eriocheir sinensis showed the highest level (3.84±0.02). There was a positive relationship between trophic level and body length of Collichthys lucidus, Lateolabrax maculatus, Acanthogobius ommaturus. By analyzing the established estuarine food web continuous nutrition spectrum, this study provides a theoretical basis for development and protection of the fishery resources in the Yangtze Estuary.

Key words: vegetation type, regression model., soil nutrient, spatial prediction, Kriging