氮源对塔玛亚历山大藻生长和毒性的影响

生态学杂志

氮源对塔玛亚历山大藻生长和毒性的影响

司冉冉¹,关万春¹,蔡景波²,陈少波^1*#br#

(¹温州医科大学生命科学学院海洋生物技术系，浙江温州 325035； ^2浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所，浙江温州 325005)

出版日期:2017-10-10 发布日期:2017-10-10

Effects of nitrogen sources on the growth and toxicity of Alexandrium tamarense.

SI Ran-ran¹, GUAN Wan-chun¹, CAI Jing-bo², CHEN Shao-bo^1*#br#

(¹Department of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China; ^2Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China).

Online:2017-10-10 Published:2017-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了掌握不同氮源对塔玛亚历山大藻（Alexandrium tamarense）生长和毒性的影响，实验选定硝酸钠、氯化铵、尿素和甘氨酸作为4种氮源，在温度和光强分别为20 ℃和200 μmol photons·m^-2·s^-1的培养箱中，采用人工海水一次性培养藻细胞，培养基N和P浓度分别以F/20加富，并收集对数期细胞用于斑马鱼胚胎48 h急性毒理实验。结果表明：4种氮源都可以支持细胞生长，但不同氮源培养的藻细胞生长速率不同，表现为铵氮（0.25 d^-1）>硝氮（0.20 d^-1）> 尿素 = 甘氨酸（0.12 d^-1）；4种氮源对细胞色素的含量无显著影响；与对照组（胚胎培养液）相比，在细胞密度为2×10⁴ cells·mL^-1时，塔玛亚历山大藻细胞粗提液对斑马鱼胚胎表现出显著的毒性作用，可造成胚胎的凝固、发育迟缓、卵黄膜破裂、卵黄囊水肿及尾巴弯曲等；当细胞密度增加到8×10⁴ cells·mL^-1时，毒性进一步增加，且4种氮源对毒性的影响出现显著差异，表现为硝氮 > 尿素 = 甘氨酸 > 铵氮。综上所述，塔玛亚历山大藻的生长和毒性对氮源的响应机制存在差异，但4种氮源都支持生长，因此，在环境变化和水体营养盐结构复杂化的情况下，塔玛亚历山大藻仍可维持生长并持续爆发藻华，对生态环境造成威胁。

关键词: 枫叶鲑, 整合生物标志物响应指标, 急性温度胁迫, 硬头鳟, 抗氧化酶

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of nitrogen sources on the growth and toxicity of harmful dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense, four nitrogen sources (nitrate, ammonium, urea and glycine) were added into artificial seawater enriched with F/20 and cells were batchcultured at 20 oC and 200 μmol photons·m^-2·s^-1. Cells of A. tamarense at exponential phase were collected to test the acute toxic effect on zebrafish embryo in 48 hours. The results showed that four nitrogen sources were all utilized by A. tamarense, but the growth rate was different, being ammonium (0.25 d^-1) > nitrate (0.20 d^-1) > urea = glycine (0.12 d^-1). However, the pigment contents were not influenced. Compared with the control group (embryo medium), the rude extract of A. tamarense at 2 ×10⁴ cells·mL^-1 had significantly teratogenic effects on the zebrafish embryos, resulting in embryo coagulation, developmental retardation, vitelline membrane rupture, yolk sac edema and tail bending. When the cell density increased to 8×10⁴ cells·mL^-1, the toxicity increased accordingly, moreover, a significant difference was found among the four nitrogen sources, showing nitrate > urea = glycine > ammonium. In summary, A. tamarense can maintain relatively high growth rate and make algal blooms outbreak continuously regardless of environmental changes, which threatens the ecological environment in coastal areas.

Key words: antioxidant enzyme, acute temperature stress, integrate biomarker response indicators., maple trout, steelhead trout

司冉冉1,关万春1,蔡景波2,陈少波1*. 氮源对塔玛亚历山大藻生长和毒性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

SI Ran-ran1, GUAN Wan-chun1, CAI Jing-bo2, CHEN Shao-bo1*. Effects of nitrogen sources on the growth and toxicity of Alexandrium tamarense.[J]. cje.

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