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间伐对不同肥力日本落叶松人工林土壤酶活性的影响

于立忠1,2*,张景普1,2,刘利芳1,2,张金鑫1,2,杨凯1,2#br#   

  1. 1 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2 中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站, 沈阳 110016)
  • 出版日期:2017-11-10 发布日期:2017-11-10

The effects of thinning on soil enzyme activities in Larix kaempferi plantations with different site conditions.

YU Li-zhong1,2*, ZHANG Jing-pu1,2, LIU Li-fang1,2, ZHANG Jin-xin1,2, YANG Kai1,2#br#   

  1. (1 Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2 Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China).
  • Online:2017-11-10 Published:2017-11-10

摘要:

间伐是人工林培育的重要措施之一,其在促进林分地上生长的同时,也对土壤产生重要影响,尤其是对土壤微生物与土壤酶活性等产生影响。为了明确间伐对日本落叶松人工林土壤酶活性的影响规律,本文以辽宁东部山区不同土壤肥力日本落叶松(Larix kaempferi)人工林为研究对象,通过设置不同强度的间伐试验(对照:未间伐,中度间伐:25%,强度间伐:50%),分析间伐2年后土壤酶活性的动态变化。结果表明:(1)不同肥力日本落叶松人工林的酚氧化酶活性在秋季最高,外切葡萄糖苷酶(PNC)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(PNG)、N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)和酸性磷酸酶活性在春季最高;(2)中度间伐显著提高肥力较差日本落叶松人工林表层酚氧化酶和NAG活性,中度和强度间伐显著降低该林分的亚表层PNG、NAG和酸性磷酸酶活性;(3)日本落叶松人工林土壤5种酶与全碳、全氮和无机氮均呈显著正相关,与pH值呈显著负相关。中度间伐显著降低了肥力较差日本落叶松人工林土壤酶与无机氮的相关性,而强度间伐却显著降低了土壤酶与全碳、有效磷的相关性;强度间伐只显著提高了肥力较好日本落叶松人工林土壤酶与全磷的相关性。综上,从提高土壤酶活性的角度,土壤肥力较差的日本落叶松人工林适合中度间伐,而土壤肥力较好的日本落叶松人工林更适合强度间伐。
 

关键词: 经济效益, 绿洲灌区, 种植模式, 资源利用, 能值分析, 碳减排

Abstract: Thinning is an important forest management practice promoting tree growth and influencing soil properties in plantations, especially for soil microorganisms and enzyme activities. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different thinning intensities on soil enzyme activities in Larix kaempferi plantations. This study was conducted in two different site conditions (high or low soil fertility) in the montane region of eastern Liaoning Province of Northeast China. The thinning treatments included control treatment, 25% and 50% thinning intensity. The results showed that the phenol oxidase activity was higher in autumn season than in other seasons, while the activities of exoglucanase, β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, acid phosphatase were higher in spring season than in summer and autumn seasons at the two sites. In addition, the 25% thinning treatment significantly increased the activities of phenol oxidase and Nacetylβ-glucosaminidase in the 0-10 cm soil layer, whereas 25% and 50% thinning treatments decreased the activities of β-glucosidase, N-acetylβvglucosaminidase, acid phosphatase in the 10-20 cm soil layer at the low soil fertility site. There were significant positive correlations between enzyme activities and soil total carbon, total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen when all samples were pooled together. In contrast, these studied enzyme activities were negatively correlated with soil pH. Especially, the correlations between soil enzyme activities and inorganic nitrogen decreased in the 25% thinning treatment at the low soil fertility site. In addition, the correlations between soil enzyme activities and soil total carbon, available phosphorus also decreased, while the correlations between soil enzyme activities and soil total phosphorus increased in the 50% thinning treatment at the high soil fertility site. In conclusion, to improve the soil enzyme activities, 25% and 50% thinning intensity should be conducted in Larix kaempferi plantations with low and high soil fertility, respectively.

Key words: carbon emission reduction, oasis irrigation area, cropping pattern, economic benefits, resource utilization, emergy analysis