国家公园优先保护区域识别——以浙江丽水为例

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.015

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 2332-2340.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.015

国家公园优先保护区域识别——以浙江丽水为例

侯盟¹, 唐小平¹, 黄桂林^1*, 李仁强²

¹国家林业和草原局调查规划设计院, 北京 100714;
²中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2020-04-01 接受日期:2020-05-12 出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
通讯作者: E-mail: huang8087@126.com
作者简介:侯盟, 男, 1981年生, 硕士, 高级工程师。主要从事自然保护地规划、生态监测与评估方面的研究。E-mail: 47016086@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41971060)和国家林业和草原局丽水国家公园标准试验区项目资助

Identification of the priority conservation areas of national park: A case study of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China

HOU Meng¹, TANG Xiao-ping¹, HUANG Gui-lin^1*, LI Ren-qiang²

¹Investigation Planning and Design Institute of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100714, China;
²Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2020-04-01 Accepted:2020-05-12 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2021-01-15
Contact: E-mail: huang8087@126.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41971060) and the Lishui National Park Standard Pilot of State Forestry and Grassland Administration.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 如何充分利用有限的资源更好地保护生物多样性一直都是保护地管理所追求的目标。整合保护对象、优化保护地的空间布局、有效识别国家公园优先保护区域是当前中国国家公园体制建设的主要任务。本研究以浙江丽水为例,采用生态模型评估了该区域关键生态系统服务(固碳释氧、水文调节、水资源、土壤保持)的空间分布格局,同时运用MaxEnt模型模拟了37种濒危物种适宜栖息地分布的空间格局。在此基础上,将关键生态系统服务和濒危物种作为保护对象,通过系统保护规划模型MARXAN,在0.4 km×0.4 km规划网格上计算丽水各规划单元的生态保护不可替代性指数,并结合当地管理需求,综合识别了国家公园优先保护区域。结果表明: 2005—2015年间,研究区生态系统固碳量为0.05 kg C·m^-2·a^-1,释氧量为0.13 kg O₂·m^-2·a^-1,水文调节量为83.25亿m³·a^-1,水资源量为803 mm·a^-1,土壤保持量为95.53 t·hm^-2·a^-1;不同土地利用类型的不可替代性指数显著不同,森林为50～100,河流和水库为60～100,园地为30～50,耕地为15～35,住宅用地为0～25,优先保护区域占研究区面积的11.8%。本研究结合生物多样性和生态系统服务的系统保护规划思路,能够为保护地网络优化布局和国家公园优先保护区域的确定提供有用的框架和技术支撑,有助于提升我国建设以国家公园为主体的自然保护体系的整体有效性。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 不可替代性指数, 优先保护区域, 系统保护规划

Abstract: It is the goal of protected area management to make full use of limited resources to better protect biodiversity. Currently, the main tasks of developing national park system in China are to combine conservation features, optimize the spatial network of protected areas, and identify the prio-rity conservation areas of national parks effectively. In this study, we assessed the spatial distribution of key ecosystem services (carbon sequestration, oxygen release, hydrological regulation, water resources, and soil retention) using ecological model, and simulated the distribution of suitable habitats for 37 endangered species by MaxEnt in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. The irreplaceability index of each planning unit in Lishui was calculated on the 0.4 km×0.4 km grid using the systema-tic conservation planning model (MARXAN), setting key ecosystem services and endangered species as the conservation objects. Combined with the local management needs, the priority protection areas of national parks were identified comprehensively. The results showed that during 2005 to 2015, the annual carbon storage, oxygen release, hydrological regulation, water resource, and soil retention in the study area was 0.05 kg C·m^-2·a^-1, 0.13 kg O₂·m^-2·a^-1, 83.25×10⁸ m³·a^-1, 803 mm·a^-1, and 95.53 t·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively. The irreplaceability index of different land use types was significantly different. The irreplaceability index of forest, river and reservoir, garden, cultivated land, residential land was 50-100, 60-100, 30-50, 15-35, 0-25, respectively. The priority conservation areas accounted for 11.8% of the study area. This study put forward a systematic conservation planning idea combining biodiversity and ecosystem services, which could provide a useful framework and technical support for optimizing the network layout of protected areas and priority conservation areas of national parks, and help to enhance the overall effectiveness of the establishment of the protected areas system with national parks as its main type in China.

Key words: ecosystem service, irreplaceability index, priority conservation area, systematic conservation planning

侯盟, 唐小平, 黄桂林, 李仁强. 国家公园优先保护区域识别——以浙江丽水为例[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(7): 2332-2340.

HOU Meng, TANG Xiao-ping, HUANG Gui-lin, LI Ren-qiang. Identification of the priority conservation areas of national park: A case study of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(7): 2332-2340.

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国家公园优先保护区域识别——以浙江丽水为例

Identification of the priority conservation areas of national park: A case study of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China

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