鄂尔多斯高原3个水土保持树种的水分利用策略

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202009.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解植物对环境的适应对策,通过测定鄂尔多斯高原东部丘陵区3个水土保持树种沙棘、油松和山杏的枝条木质部水和各潜在水源的δ¹⁸O值及叶片的δ¹³C值,应用多元线性混合模型分析各潜在水源的贡献比例,分析3个树种水分来源和水分利用效率的季节动态和种间差异。结果表明: 沙棘、油松和山杏在5月主要利用10 cm深度土壤水,分别占其总水源比例的88.5%、94.0%和91.6%。7月,沙棘主要利用10～25 cm土层土壤水和雨水,比例为44.6%和35.4%;油松主要利用雨水,比例为93.7%;山杏主要利用25～100 cm土层土壤水和雨水,比例分别为55.9%和36.8%。9月,沙棘主要利用25 cm深度和75～100 cm土层土壤水,比例为88.9%;油松主要利用10 cm和50～75 cm土层土壤水,比例为84.5%;山杏利用10～100 cm土层土壤水。5月沙棘的水分利用效率显著高于7月和9月。7月油松的水分利用效率显著高于9月。5月和7月沙棘的水分利用效率显著高于油松和山杏。3个树种在不同季节根据不同水源的可利用性,选择利用不同深度的土壤水或雨水。沙棘和油松干旱时能够提高水分利用效率适应环境变化,可能比山杏更适应当地的半干旱环境。

关键词: 稳定氧同位素, 稳定碳同位素, 水分来源, 水分利用效率

Abstract: To understand the adaptive strategies of three tree species used for soil and water conservation in the hilly area of eastern Ordos Plateau, Hippophae rhamnoides, Pinus tabuliformis and Armeniaca sibirica, we measured the δ¹⁸O value of xylem water of branch and potential water sources and the δ¹³C value of leaves, and analyzed the relative contribution of each potential water sources to different tree species by multiple linear mixing model. We further compared the seasonal dynamic and inter-specific variation of water source and water use efficiency (WUE). The results showed that H. rhamnoides, P. tabuliformis and A. sibirica mainly used soil water in 10 cm layer in May, accounting for 88.5%, 94.0% and 91.6% of their total water uptake, respectively. In July, H. rhamnoides mainly used soil water in 10-25 cm layer (44.6%) and rain water (35.4%), P. tabuli-formis mainly used rain water (93.7%), and A. sibirica mainly used soil water in 25-100 cm layer (55.9%) and rain water (36.8%). In September, H. rhamnoides mainly used soil water in 25 cm and 75-100 cm layers (88.9%), P. tabuliformis mainly used soil water in 10 cm and 50-75 cm layers (84.5%), and A. sibirica used that in 10-100 cm layer. WUE of H. rhamnoides in May was significantly higher than that in July and September. WUE of P. tabuliformis in July was significantly higher than that in September. WUE of H. rhamnoides was significantly higher than that of P. tabuliformis and A. sibirica in May and July. Three tree species use different depths of soil water or rainwater based on their availability in different seasons. H. rhamnoides and P. tabuliformis could improve their WUE to adapt to environmental change under drought, which might be more suitable for local semi-arid environment than A. sibirica.

Key words: stable oxygen isotope, stable carbon isotope, water source, water use efficiency

许素寒, 朱雅娟, 吴彩霞, 李蕴. 鄂尔多斯高原3个水土保持树种的水分利用策略[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9): 2885-2892.

XU Su-han, ZHU Ya-juan, WU Cai-xia, LI Yun. Water utilization strategy of three soil and water conservation trees on Ordos Plateau, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9): 2885-2892.

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