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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 638-648.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中老铁路经济廊带生态质量及其与人类活动的关系

薛陈利1, 张会琼1, 邹滔1*, 孙紫坚1,2, 程细音1   

  1. 1北京矿产地质研究院有限责任公司, 北京 100012;
    2中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-24 接受日期:2020-11-13 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-08-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: 272582646@qq.com
  • 作者简介:薛陈利, 男, 1994年生, 助理工程师。主要从事生态环境遥感及资源环境评价研究。E-mail: xueclucas@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20201147)资助

Ecological quality and its relationships with human activities in China-Laos railway economic belt

XUE Chen-li1, ZHANG Hui-qiong1, ZOU Tao1*, SUN Zi-jian1,2, CHENG Xi-yin1   

  1. 1Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Co. Ltd., Beijing 100012, China;
    2China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2020-08-24 Accepted:2020-11-13 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-08-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: 272582646@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey (DD20201147)

摘要: 区域生态质量很大程度上受人类活动强度影响,制约着区域经济可持续发展。以中老铁路经济廊带为对象,重点研究区内人类活动强度对区域生态环境的影响。选取1999、2009、2019年遥感影像计算遥感生态指数(RSEI),采用空间自相关及局域G统计量探测研究区生态质量的时空演变规律,并结合同期人口密度构建地理加权回归模型,定量分析区内人类活动强度引起的生态效应。研究表明: 1999—2019年,区内生态质量经历了先升后降的变化,RSEI均值由1999年的0.645升为2009年的0.738,随后又降为2019年的0.721,中部地区生态质量波动较大;基于地理加权回归模型(GWR)拟合人口密度与生态质量的效果明显好于最小二乘法,基于GWR的不同时期R2均高于0.7且拟合效果稳定,2019年拟合度最好(R2为0.785),1999、2009年R2分别为0.726、0.754;中老铁路沿线南部万象一带的生态质量对人类活动较敏感,以中度敏感区为主。对高、中、低度敏感区而言,人口密度每增长10、100、1000倍将相应导致RSEI均值降低0.2、0.4、0.6。经济廊带发展会导致人口密度增加,在规划布局过程中应控制人类活动,防止潜在敏感区及现有敏感区生态质量进一步恶化。

关键词: 中老铁路经济廊带, 生态质量, 遥感生态指数, 地理加权回归, 人口密度

Abstract: Regional ecological quality is largely affected by human activities, which restricts the sustainable development of regional economy. Taking the China-Laos railway economic belt as an example, we investigated the effects of human activities on ecological quality. The remote sensing images of 1999, 2009 and 2019 were selected to calculate remote sensing ecological index (RSEI). Spatial autocorrelation statistics and local G statistics were used to explore the spatial-temporal variations of ecological quality in the study area. Combined with the population density in the same period, a geographically weighted regression model was constructed to quantitatively analyze the ecological effects of different human activity intensities in the study area. The results showed that the ecological quality in the study area presented a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing later from 1999 to 2019, and that the mean value of RSEI varied from 0.645 (1999) to 0.738 (2009) and then decreasing to 0.721 in 2019. Specially, the ecological quality fluctuated more apparently in the midlands. The results of fitting population density and ecological quality based on geographical weighted regression model (GWR) were significantly better than that of least square method. R2 of different periods based on GWR was higher than 0.7 and the fitting effect was stable. The fitting degree of GWR in 2019 was the best (R2 was 0.785), and R2 in 1999 and 2009 were 0.726 and 0.754, respectively. The ecological quality along the China-Laos railway south area (such as Vientiane) was more sensitive to human activities, with most of these places belonged to moderately sensitive regions. For the highly, moderately and lowly ecological sensitive regions, every 10, 100, 1000-fold increases in population density would lead to a decrease of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 to the mean value of RSEI in turn. The development of economic belt would increase population density. During the planning and layout of economic belt, human activities should be controlled to avoid the deterioration of ecological quality in the potential and current sensitive regions.

Key words: China-Laos railway economic belt, ecological quality, remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), geographical weighted regression (GWR), population density