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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1573-1580.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202105.016

• 景观生态学专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

新时期我国国土空间生态修复理念与模式探讨

张潆文1, 苏腾2, 张富刚3*, 李凯4, 刘烜赫2   

  1. 1北京城市学院, 北京 100083;
    2北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司, 北京 100085;
    3自然资源部不动产登记中心(自然资源部法律事务中心, 北京 100034;
    4中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-13 接受日期:2021-02-03 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-11-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: 905001825@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张潆文,女,1984年生,助理研究员。主要从事自然资源管理改革研究。E-mail:191514035@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD090)、第二次青藏科考项目(2019QZKK0405)和国家自然科学基金项目(42071249,41671519,41271535)资助

Conception and framework of land ecological restoration for a new stage in China.

ZHANG Ying-wen1, SU Teng2, ZHANG Fu-gang3*, LI Kai4, LIU Xuan-he2   

  1. 1Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, China;
    2Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning & Design Institute, Beijing 100085, China;
    3Real Estate Registration Center, Ministry of Natural Resources (Law Center of Ministry of Natural Resources), Beijing 100034, China;
    4Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2020-12-13 Accepted:2021-02-03 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-11-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: 905001825@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    National Social Science Fund of China (20&ZD090), the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (2019QZKK0405) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42071249, 41671519, 41271535) .

摘要: 国土空间生态修复以地理学、景观生态学理论为基础,是推进生态文明、建设美丽中国的重要举措。我国国土空间生态修复呈现理论体系多学科化、工作模式多元化、技术方法融合化、实践探索多样化的特征,工作总体成效显著与任务艰巨并存。本文基于国土空间生态修复的新挑战,对国土空间生态修复研究的总体框架和技术路径、区域国土空间生态修复的工作机制与模式、国土空间生态修复的内容体系和技术标准进行综述。新时期,我国国土空间生态修复顶层设计应重点围绕工作体系、业务边界和制度体系3项内容,明确各类业务流程的职责边界,从理论、制度、工程、技术全域视角实现工作全链条闭合管理。乡村聚落区、城镇建成区、工矿聚集区、生态功能区、蓝色海洋区是区域尺度国土空间的5大组成要素,分别对应全域土地综合整治、城市更新与城市双修、矿山地质环境修复治理、山水林田湖草系统修复、蓝色海湾修复整治5种差别化生态修复模式。应综合运用“三个集成”(信息、技术、流程)思维,构建一套涵盖调查监测评价、国土空间规划、工程项目实施、工程项目验收、生态系统监测评价一体化的区域国土空间生态修复工作模式。

关键词: 国土空间生态修复, 理念, 模式

Abstract: Based on the theories of geography and landscape ecology, land ecological restoration is an important strategy to promote ecological civilization and build a beautiful China. Land ecological restoration in China has the characteristics of multi-disciplinary theoretical system, diverse work mode, integration of technology and methods, and diversified practice and exploration. The overall effectiveness of the work coexists with arduous tasks. Based on the new challenges in land ecological restoration, we summarized the overall framework and technical path of land ecological restoration, the working mechanism and mode of regional land ecological restoration, the content system and technical standards of land ecological restoration. In the new stage, the top-level design of land ecological restoration in China should focus on the work system, business boundary and institutional system, identify the responsibility boundary of different business processes, and realize the closed management of the whole work chain from the perspective of theory, system, engineering and technology. Rural settlement area, urban built-up area, industrial and mining gathering area, ecological function area and blue ocean area are the five major elements of regional scale land space, which correspond to five different ecological restoration modes, namely, comprehensive land improvement, urban renewal and double repair, mine geological environment restoration, mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland restoration, and blue bay restoration. It is necessary to comprehensively use the thinking of “Three Integrations” (information, technology, and process) to build a set of regional land ecological restoration work mode covering the integration of investigation, monitoring and evaluation, land space planning, project implementation, project acceptance and ecosystem monitoring and evaluation.

Key words: land ecological restoration, concept, mode