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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 2906-2914.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.019

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

可鲁克湖流域生态环境质量诊断

文广超*, 孙世奎, 李兴, 谢洪波   

  1. 河南理工大学资源环境学院, 河南焦作 454000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-22 接受日期:2021-05-26 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2022-02-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: wengc366@163.com
  • 作者简介:文广超, 男, 1979年生, 博士, 副教授。主要从事流域水文过程与生态环境保护、地学信息技术与“3S”集成应用等方面的教学与科研工作。E-mail: wengc366@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(2014G1502022)和河南理工大学博士基金项目(B2020-54)资助

Diagnosis of eco-environmental quality in the Keluke Lake basin, China

WEN Guang-chao*, SUN Shi-kui, LI Xing, XIE Hong-bo   

  1. Institute of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-01-22 Accepted:2021-05-26 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2022-02-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: wengc366@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education (2014G1502022) and the Doctoral Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University (B2020-54).

摘要: 为查清可鲁克湖流域生态环境质量及其演化特征,依据环境生态学相关理论,运用综合调查、遥感解译与反演、统计分析等技术手段,选取自然地理、气象、土地利用/覆盖和社会经济4个方面的15个因子,采用因子分析和熵值法计算指标权重,建立流域土壤质量模型和生态环境质量诊断模型,分析2000、2005、2010和2015年可鲁克湖流域土壤与生态环境质量的变化特征。结果表明: 2000、2005、2010和2015年,可鲁克湖流域生态环境质量均值依次为21、47、54和72,呈稳定上升趋势,生态环境质量等级由较差转为良好,土壤质量整体处于中等水平;空间上,北部山区和流域下游湿地及河流周边区域的生态环境质量明显转好。流域生态环境质量变化是人类活动与自然因素共同作用的结果,土壤质量与湖泊面积是指示流域生态环境的关键因子,可鲁克湖最小生态需水量是维持流域生态环境良性发展的基本保障。

关键词: 生态环境质量, 土壤质量, 生态环境诊断, 遥感, 可鲁克湖流域

Abstract: In order to clarify the eco-environmental quality and its evolution characteristics of Keluke Lake basin, we selected 15 factors of physical geography, meteorology, land use/cover and social economy using comprehensive investigation, remote sensing interpretation and inversion, statistical analysis and other technical means, based on the relevant theories of environmental ecology. We used factor analysis and entropy method to calculate the index weight, constructed watershed soil quality model and ecological environment quality diagnosis model, and analyzed the changes of soil and eco-environmental quality in the Keluke Lake basin in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The results showed that the average eco-environmental quality in four periods was 21, 47, 54, and 72, showing a stable upward trend. The eco-environmental quality level changed from poor to good, while soil quality was at the middle level. Spatially, the eco-environmental quality of the northern mountainous area, the downstream wetland and the surrounding area of the river improved significantly. The change of eco-environmental quality was a result of human activities and natural factors. Soil quality and lake area were key factors indicating the eco-environment of the Keluke Lake basin. The minimum ecological water demand of the Keluke Lake was the basic guarantee to maintain the benign development of the eco-environment of the lake basin.

Key words: ecological environment quality, soil quality, ecological environment diagnosis, remote sensing, Keluke Lake basin