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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 3010-3022.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.020

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基于鸟类视角的城市生态廊道构建方法研究综述

田北辰*, 李沛权, 黄千杜   

  1. 珠海市规划设计研究院, 政府规划编制和城市发展研究中心, 广东珠海 519099
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-19 接受日期:2021-05-31 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2022-02-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: btianGeo@163.com
  • 作者简介:田北辰, 男, 1991年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事地理信息科学在城市与区域规划领域的应用研究。E-mail: btianGeo@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)项目(SML2020SP011)资助

Construction methods of urban ecological corridor for birds: A review

TIAN Bei-chen*, LI Pei-quan, HUANG Qian-du   

  1. Zhuhai Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Government Planning and Urban Development Research Center, Zhuhai 519099, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2021-02-19 Accepted:2021-05-31 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2022-02-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: btianGeo@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (SML2020SP011).

摘要: 基于鸟类移动特征与栖息地需求的生态廊道不仅有利于减少由生境丧失与生境破碎化导致的物种灭绝,进而促进物种的基因扩散与交流,而且可以改善城市居民的身心健康,推动城市不动产增值。然而,迄今为止,由国外学者研发的主要生态廊道构建方法没有内在地考虑鸟类的移动与生境特征,国内学者的鸟类生态廊道研究则侧重于对技术方法的探索而缺乏对研究鸟种特征的认知。因此,基于鸟类视角的城市生态廊道构建研究尚有较大的改进空间。本文通过对1975—2020年的国内外相关研究进行分析,识别出了可结合鸟类生态的7种廊道构建方法及3种廊道优化方法,并总结了相关方法的优缺点及其适用情况。最后,本文认为将典型鸟类物种的观测数据、真实运动能力与景观结构相融合,研发出计算高效便捷而且能够模拟廊道生态效益的计算机模型,将会是鸟类生态廊道构建方法的发展趋势。

关键词: 鸟类生态廊道, 廊道构建方法, 国土空间规划, 生物多样性

Abstract: The ecological corridors considering bird movement characteristics and habitat requirements would mitigate species extinction caused by habitat loss or habitat fragmentation and facilitate species gene dispersal and exchange. These functions may in turn benefit urban residents’ physical and mental health as well as appreciation of real estates. Nonetheless, main ecological corridor construction methods developed by foreign scholars have not internally considered the movement and habitat characteristics of birds, while corridor research for birds by domestic scholars have focused on explorations of foreign technical methods yet lacked enough knowledge on studied birds’ characteristics. Therefore, there is still much room for improvement in the study of urban ecological corridor construction from the perspective of birds. Based on the analyses of domestic and foreign related research from 1975 to 2020, we identified seven corridor construction methods and three corridor optimization methods within which bird ecology can be integrated. The advantages, drawbacks, and applicable scenarios of all the methods were explored accordingly. Finally, we argued that the develop-ment of computational models, which could not only combine bird species’ observation data and spatial movement data with landscape structures but could also possess efficient computation power as well as simulate corridor’s ecological benefits, would be a trend for constructing ecological corridor for birds.

Key words: ecological corridor for birds, corridor construction method, territory development plan, biodiversity