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应用生态学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (11): 2678-2684.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

控释肥对夏玉米产量及田间氨挥发和氮素利用率的影响

赵斌;董树亭**;王空军;张吉旺;刘鹏   

  1. 山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018
  • 出版日期:2009-11-20 发布日期:2009-11-20

Effects of controlledrelease fertilizers on summer maize grain yield, field ammonia volatilization, and fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency

ZHAO Bin|DONG Shu-ting;WANG Kong-jun;ZHANG Ji-wang; LIU Peng   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Online:2009-11-20 Published:2009-11-20

摘要: 在大田条件下研究了树脂包膜控释肥(CRF)和硫包膜控释肥(SCF)对夏玉米产量、田间氨挥发及氮肥利用率的影响.结果表明:控释肥能显著提高玉米产量.在相同施肥量(N、P、K量相同)情况下,全量控释肥CRF(1428 kg·hm-2)和SCF(1668 kg·hm-2)分别比全量普通复合肥CCF(1260 kg·hm-2)增产13.15%和14.15%;控释肥施肥量减少25%(CRF 1071 kg·hm-2;SCF 1251 kg·hm-2)时,分别比CCF增产9.69%和10.04%;控释肥施肥量减少50%时(CRF 714 kg·hm-2;SCF 834 kg·hm-2),其产量与CCF无显著差异.对夏玉米田间土壤原位氨挥发进行研究表明,控释肥处理氨挥发速率上升缓慢,最大挥发高峰出现时间比普通肥处理晚7 d,土壤氨挥发量在0.78~4.43 kg N·hm-2,比普通肥处理(9.11 kg N·hm-2)减少51.34%~91.34%.控释肥的氮肥利用率和农学效率也均显著高于普通肥处理.

关键词: 夏玉米, 控释肥, 氨挥发, 产量, 氮肥利用率, 人类活动, 生态过渡带, 景观格局, 生态风险评价, 风险管理

Abstract: A field experiment with colophony-coated fertilizer (CRF) and sulfur-coated fertilizer (SCF) showed that under the same application rates of N, P
and K, applying CRF and SCF increased the summer maize grain yield by 13.15% and 14.15%, respectively, compared to the application of common compound fertilizer CCF. When the applied amount of CRF and SCF was decreased by 25%, the yield increment was 9.69% and 10.04%, respectively; and when the applied amount of CRF and SCF was decreased by 50%, the yield had less difference with that under CCF application. The field ammonia volatilization rate in treatments CRF and SCF increased slowly, with a peak appeared 7 days later than that in treatment CCF, and the total amount of ammonia volatilization in treatments CRF and SCF was ranged from 0.78 kg N·hm-2 to 4.43 kg N·hm-2, with a decrement of 51.34%-91.summer maize; controlledrelease fertilizer; ammonia volatilization;

Key words: summer maize, controlled-release fertilizer, ammonia volatilization,  yield, fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency, human activity, ecological transitional belt, landscape pattern, ecological risk assessment, risk management.