关键词: 设施菜地, 土壤剖面, 重金属, 累积, 小麦, 测墒补灌, 光合特性, 旗叶酶活性, 籽粒产量

Abstract: Taking the facility vegetable fields having been planted for 1-12 years and the adjacent wheat land in Shouguang City of Shandong Province as test objects, this paper studied the distribution characteristics of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in their soil profiles (0-150 cm). With the increase of soil depth, the test heavy metals contents in the soil profiles all had a decreasing trend, and in the same soil layers, the contents were obviously higher in facility vegetable fields than in wheat land. Comparing with those in the same soil layers of wheat land, the average contents of As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni in 0-20 and 120-150 cm soil layers of facility vegetable fields were 35.0%, 146.2%, 65.6%, 36.4%, and 21.5%, and 10.6%, 178.5%, 19.4%, 20.2%, 15.2%, and 9.3% higher, respectively, and the average contents of the heavy metals in 20-120 cm soil layer of facility vegetable fields were also higher in some degree. In the 0-20 cm soil layer of facility vegetable fields, the Cd, Cu, and Zn contents had significant positive correlations with planting years (P<0.05), with the accumulation rates of Cd, Cu, and Zn being 0.027, 1.153, and 2.830 mg·kg^-1·a^-1, respectively. In facility vegetable fields, the test six heavy metals contents were significantly positively correlated with the contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, and the Cd, Cu, Zn, and Cr contents were significantly correlated with the content of soil total phosphorus (P<0.01). Applying organic fertilizer could induce the heavy metals accumulation in the soils of facility vegetable fields to some extent.

Key words: facility vegetable field, soil profile, heavy metal, accumulation, wheat, supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture, photosynthetic characteristics, enzyme activity of flag leaf, grain yield.