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模拟酸雨对朱砂叶螨寄主植物三月早茄生理生化的影响

张建萍1,2;王进军1;赵志模1;陈洋1;豆威1   

  1. 1西南农业大学植物保护学院,重庆市昆虫学及害虫控制工程重点实验室,重庆 400716;2石河子大学农学院, 石河子 832003

  • 收稿日期:2004-03-10 修回日期:2004-07-05 出版日期:2005-03-18

Effects of simulated acid rain on physiological and biochemical characters of eggplant,the host plant of Tetranychus cinnabarinus

ZHANG Jianping1,2,WANG Jinjun1,ZHAO Zhimo1,CHEN Yang1, DOU Wei1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering,College of Plant Protection,Southwest Agricultural University,Chongqing 400716,China;2College of Agronomy University,Shihezi 832003,China

  • Received:2004-03-10 Revised:2004-07-05 Online:2005-03-18

摘要: 以朱砂叶螨的寄主植物三月早茄为对象,研究了不同pH值和不同时间模拟酸雨胁迫下,茄子对酸雨的抵抗、适应能力和营养物质含量变化.结果表明,随酸雨酸度增强,茄叶的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、磷和可溶性蛋白含量呈单峰变化趋势;而过氧化物酶(POD)活性、可溶性糖含量呈单谷变化趋势;还原糖含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随酸度增加呈上升趋势;茄叶pH值呈下降趋势,含水量不受酸雨影响.POD对酸雨作用反应迟缓,而SOD、CAT较敏感,其他几项生理指标则对酸雨作用时间反应灵敏.高pH(4.0~5.6)的酸雨刺激茄叶的保护能力增强,促进茄叶的生长发育.由于茄叶内糖含量、磷及可溶性蛋白含量的改变,植物的适口性有所变化,可促进叶螨生长,而在强酸性酸雨(pH<3.0)胁迫下,植物的生长受到抑制,营养物质含量降低,抑制朱砂叶螨的生长.

关键词: 遮荫宽度, 相对光照强度, 叶面积密度函数, 消光系数

Abstract: In a series of laboratory trials,this paper studied the responses of eggplant (Solanum melongena),the host plant of carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus,to different pH values simulated acid rain.The results showed that with the increasing acidity of simulated acid rain,the CAT activity and the contents of P and soluble protein in egg plant leaves increased significantly first,reaching the highest at pH 4.0 or 3.0,and then decreased; while the POD activity and soluble sugar content were in adverse.The reduced sugar content and SOD activity of eggplant leaves increased,but the pH value decreased with increasing acidity of acid rain.Acid rain had no effect on leaf water content.Among the test indices,leaf POD was most insensitive to the acid rain,followed by leaf pH,SOD and CAT,while the others were very sensitive.Weak acid rain (pH > 4.0) promoted the protective ability of eggplant leaf and its growth,and the growth of T.cinnabarinus was also promoted because of the changed contents of soluble sugar,P and soluble protein in eggplant leaves being more favorable to its eating; while strong acid rain (pH<3.0) inhibited the growth of both host plant and mite.

Key words: Shadow width, Relative light illuminance, Leaf area density function, Light wakening coefficient