施用生物炭6年后对稻田土壤酶活性及肥力的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.002

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 1110-1118.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.002

施用生物炭6年后对稻田土壤酶活性及肥力的影响

许云翔^1,2, 何莉莉^2,3, 刘玉学^2,3, 吕豪豪^2,3, 汪玉瑛^2,3, 陈金媛¹, 杨生茂^1,2,3*

¹浙江工业大学环境学院, 杭州 310014;
²浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021;
³浙江省生物炭工程技术研究中心, 杭州 310021

收稿日期:2018-08-30 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: yangshengmao@263.net
作者简介:许云翔,男,1994年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事生物炭对土壤氮素循环及农业环境的影响研究. E-mail: xuyunxiang2018@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(41807088)和浙江省重点研发计划项目(2017C02001)资助

Effects of biochar addition on enzyme activity and fertility in paddy soil after six years

XU Yun-xiang^1,2, HE Li-li^2,3, LIU Yu-xue^2,3, LYU Hao-hao^2,3, WANG Yu-ying^2,3, CHEN Jin-yuan¹, YANG Sheng-mao^1,2,3*

¹College of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
²Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
³Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Biochar, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2018-08-30 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20
Contact: * E-mail: yangshengmao@263.net
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807088) and the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2017C02001).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用田间定位试验,研究0(BC₀)、7.5(BC₁)、15(BC₂)和22.5(BC₃)t·hm^-2水稻秸秆生物炭及3.75 t·hm^-2水稻秸秆(STR)一次性施加6年后对稻田土壤肥力及酶活性的影响.结果表明: 施用生物炭6年后土壤有机碳、有效磷和速效钾含量显著增加,增幅分别为34.6%、12.4%和26.2%,土壤pH值和容重显著降低,但对土壤全氮含量无显著影响.土壤脲酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性显著增加,土壤荧光素二乙酸酯酶(FDA水解酶)和芳基硫酸酯酶的活性受到不同程度的抑制,其中,BC₂处理的土壤脲酶活性增加量最大,增幅为36.5%.土壤酸性磷酸酶活性随着生物炭施加量的增加而增加,与土壤速效磷含量呈显著正相关关系;土壤FDA水解酶和脲酶主要与土壤速效钾含量有关;酸性磷酸酶和芳基硫酸酯酶与土壤容重呈显著正相关.施用生物炭6年后土壤脱氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性明显升高,增幅分别为48.8%和27.5%,而过氧化氢酶活性逐渐下降,且显著低于对照BC₀.STR处理显著增加了土壤脲酶、FDA水解酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和芳基硫酸酯酶的活性,降低了过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶的活性,降幅分别为23.4%和15.9%.

关键词: 稻田, 生物炭, 土壤酶活, 土壤肥力, 秸秆还田

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects on soil fertility and enzyme activities in paddy field after six years of one-split rice straw-derived biochar [0 (BC₀), 7.5(BC₁), 15(BC₂), 22.5(BC₃) t·hm^-2] and rice straw (3.75 t·hm^-2, STR) application. The results showed that soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium concentrations significantly increased, by 34.6%, 12.4% and 26.2%, respectively. Soil pH and soil bulk density were significantly reduced, but total nitrogen content had no significant difference compared with BC₀. Biochar addition significantly increased the activities of soil urease and acid phosphatase. The soil fluorescein diacetate (FDA hydrolase) and arylsulfatase activity were inhibited to varying degrees. Among them, BC₂ treatment increased soil urease activity by 36.5%. The soil acid phosphatase activity increased with the increases of biochar application rate, which was positively correlated with soil available phosphorus concentration. FDA hydrolase and urease activity had positive correlation with soil available potassium content, while soil acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase activity had positive correlation with soil bulk density. After six years, soil dehydrogenase and polyphenol oxidase activity significantly increased by 48.8% and 27.5%, respectively, while catalase activity significantly decreased when compared with control BC₀. STR treatment increased activities of soil urease, FDA hydrolase, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase significantly, while decreased the catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities by 23.4% and 15.9%, respectively.

Key words: biochar, straw returning, soil fertility, paddy soil, soil enzyme activity

许云翔, 何莉莉, 刘玉学, 吕豪豪, 汪玉瑛, 陈金媛, 杨生茂. 施用生物炭6年后对稻田土壤酶活性及肥力的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1110-1118.

XU Yun-xiang, HE Li-li, LIU Yu-xue, LYU Hao-hao, WANG Yu-ying, CHEN Jin-yuan, YANG Sheng-mao. Effects of biochar addition on enzyme activity and fertility in paddy soil after six years[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1110-1118.

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施用生物炭6年后对稻田土壤酶活性及肥力的影响

Effects of biochar addition on enzyme activity and fertility in paddy soil after six years

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