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应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 579-583.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于能流物流理论的农牧交错带生态治理模式研究——以内蒙古后山旱农区为例

范锦龙1, 潘志华2, 赵举3, 郑大玮2, 妥德宝3, 赵沛义3   

  1. 1. 中国气象局国家卫星气象中心, 北京 100081;
    2. 中国农业大学, 北京 100094;
    3. 内蒙古农业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2002-11-19 修回日期:2003-02-26
  • 通讯作者: 范锦龙,男,1975生,博士,助理研究员,主要从事农业与生态环境遥感研究,发表论文10余篇.E-mail:caufjl@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(30100127,30270269);科技部国家科技攻关资助项目(960040408,2001BA508B12)

Ecological management model of agriculture-pasture ecotone based on the theory of energy and material flow—a case study in Houshan dryland area of Inner Mongolia

FAN Jinlong1, PAN Zhihua2, ZHAO Ju3, ZHENG Dawei2, TUO Debao3, ZHAO Peiyi 3   

  1. 1. National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China
  • Received:2002-11-19 Revised:2003-02-26

摘要: 中国北方农牧交错带的生态环境问题引起了人们广泛关注.经过多年的攻关研究,以能物流理论为指导,根据地处北方农牧交错带的后山旱农区的自然、社会、经济特征,提出了以丘陵为单元的生态治理模式.1999年对传统顺坡种植模式、人工草地模式和生态治理模式进行观测.能物流分析结果表明,生态治理模式与传统的种植模式相比,能提高太阳能利用率8.3%,提高能量输出量8.7%,提高能量转化效率19.4%,N的输出量提高26.5%,转化效率提高57.1%,P的输出量提高12.1%,转化效率提高45.0%,水分利用效率提高17.7%.人工草地模式与传统模式和生态治理模式相比,其太阳能利用率、能量输出量、能量转化效率都是最低的.治理模式产出最多,盈利最多,是经济效益最好的模式,经济效率比传统模式提高16.1%.

关键词: 能物流, 农牧交错带, 生态治理, 模式

Abstract: The degradation of ecological environment in the agriculture-pasture ecotone in northern China has been paid more attentions.Based on our many years' research and under the guide of energy and material flow theory,this paper put forward an ecological management model,with a hill as the basic cell and according to the natural,social and economic characters of Houshan dryland farming area inside the north agriculture-pasture ecotone.The input and output of three models,i.e.,the traditional along-slope-tillage model,the artificial grassland model and the ecological management model,were observed and recorded in detail in 1999.Energy and material flow analysis based on field test showed that compared with traditional model,ecological management model could increase solar use efficiency by 8.3%,energy output by 8.7%,energy conversion efficiency by 19.4%,N output by 26.5%,N conversion efficiency by 57.1%,P output by 12.1%,P conversion efficiency by 45.0%,and water use efficiency by 17.7%.Among the models,artificial grassland model had the lowest solar use efficiency,energy output and energy conversion efficiency;while the ecological management model had the most outputs and benefits,was the best model with high economic effect,and increased economic benefits by 16.1%,compared with the traditional model.

Key words: Energy and material flow, Agriculture-pasture ecotone, Ecological management, Model

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