近50年冀北高原土地利用变化的土壤生境效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 区域性土壤生境的变化,很大程度上取决于该区土地利用及其覆被的变化.通过冀北高原近50年不同时段的资料分析证实,大片天然草场无序垦为耕地的利用变化及伴随的管理粗放,致土壤生境发生系列负面效应,土壤养分逐年下降.50年中,该区土壤有机质,N、P、K全量及速效态量分别以36.90%、67.77%、44.44%、34.15%、32.22%、58.90%、35.29%的降幅趋势性地下降;砂、粉、粘三项表征土壤物性特征的不同土粒含量则以18.24%、19.55%和12.29%升降皆有的幅度变化.这一结果揭示,为确保区位重要、生境脆弱区的土地质量不因利用变化和随时间推移而下降,永续处于动态平衡,务必科学管理,技术举措到位.

关键词: 冀北高原, 土地利用变化, 生境效应, 土地质量, 冀北农牧交错带

Abstract: The change of soil habitat in an area depends on the land-use and cover change in the area to a great extent.Analysis of soil data in north Hebei plateau during last 50 years confirmed that the land-use change,i.e.,the disorder reclamation of a large stretch of natural grassland into cultivated land and the extensive farming,had a series of negative effects on the soil habitat,and made the soil nutrients decreased.During last 50 years,the total and available amount of soil organic matter,N,P,and K decreased by 36.90%,67.77%,44.44%,34.15%,32.22%,58.90% and 35.29%,respectively,and the granulometric contents of sand,silt and clay also varied by 18.24%,19.55%,and 12.29%,respectively,which revealed that in order to ensure the land quality in the regionally important but vulnerable habitat area against the effect of land-use change and its possible degradation with time and to be in sustained dynamic equilibrium,it is necessary to take reasonable fertilization and reliable technical measures.

Key words: North Hebei plateau, Land-use change, Habitat effect, Land quality, Agriculture-pasture ecotone in north Hebei

中图分类号:

S158.1

盛学斌, 刘云霞, 孙建中. 近50年冀北高原土地利用变化的土壤生境效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (4): 589-592.

SHENG Xuebin, LIU Yunxia, SUN Jianzhong. Effect of land-use change on soil habitat in north Hebei plateau during last 50 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (4): 589-592.

参考文献

[1] Chen B-M(陈百明).1997.A discussion onland-use andland-cover change andits human drivingforcein China.Natural Resources(自然资源),2:31～36(in Chinese)
[2] Guo X-D(郭旭东),Chen L-D(陈利顶),Fu B-J(傅伯杰).1999.Effect of land-use and land-cover change on regional eco-environment.AdvEnviron Sci(环境科学进展),7(6):66～75(in Chinese)
[3] Guo X-D(郭旭东),Fu B-J(傅伯杰),Chen L-D(陈利顶),et al.2000.Characteristics of temporal-spatial variation of nutrients in soilin Zunhua steppe,Hebei Province.Acta Geogra Sin(地理学报),55(5):556～566(in Chinese)
[4] Hass(哈斯).1994.Unerodable grains of soil and effect of cultivation mode on soil deflation on the Bashang plateau.Deserts China (中国沙漠),14(4):92～96(in Chinese)
[5] Liu J-Y(刘纪远),Zhang Z-Q(张增强),Zhuang D-F(庄大方),et al.2003.Temporal-spatial characteristics of land -use change in Chinain 1990s and genetic analysis.Geogra Res(地理研究),22( 1 ): 1～12 (in Chinese)
[6] Professional Commission of Agriculture Chemistry of Chinese Pedological Society.1983.Routine Analytical Methods in Agriculture Chemistry of Soil.Beijing: Science Press.(in Chinese)
[7] Qing L-J(秦丽洁),Zhang Y(张郁),Xu H-M(许红梅),et al.2002.Study on eco-environmental effects of land-use change: An examplefrom Qianguoxian county.Geogra Sci(地理科学),22(4) :508～512(in Chinese)
[8] Sheng X-B(盛学斌),Liu Y-X(刘云霞),Sun J-Z(孙建中).2002.Relation between variation in some properties of soil and surface vegetation and desertification in agriculture-pasture alternate zone.Chin Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(7):909～910(in Chinese)
[9] ShiP-J(史培军),GongP(宫鹏),Li X-B(李晓兵),et al.2000.Methods and Practice for Study of Land-cover Change.Beijing: Science Press.1～3,19～23(in Chinese)
[10] Statistical Department of Zhangjiakou City.1999.Statistical YearBook of Zhangjiakou Society.Beijing: China Statistics Press.( in Chinese)
[11] Turner BLII,et al.1994.Global land-use and land-cover change:integrated research.A mbio,23 ( 1 ): 91～95 (in Chinese)
[12] Turner BLII,Skole D,Fischer G,et al.1995.Land-use and landcover change: science/research plan.IGBP repot No.35 and HDP report No.7.Stockholm and Geneva.
[13] Wang S-Q(王绍强),Chen Y-F(陈育峰),et al.1998.Latest trendsin USGRPland-cover research.Adv Geogra Sci(地理科学进展),17(1):52～57
[14] Yang L-M(杨立民),Zhu Q-J(朱启疆).1999.Current status and perspectives of remote sensing study on global and regional land cover andland-use.Nat Resour(自然资源学报),14(4):340～344(in Chinese)
[15] Yuan K-N(袁可能).1983.Pedological chemistry of nutrients elements for plants.Beijing: Science Press.65～80,110～156,182～201
[16] Zhang Y-M(张永民),Zhao S-D(赵士洞).2003.Analysis of landuse change in Horqin sandy land and its surrounding area during the past 15 years.J Nat Resour(自然资源学报),18(2):174～181(in Chinese)
[17] Zhao X(赵雪),Zhao W-Z(赵文智),Bao Y(宝音),et al.1997.The vulnerable eco-environment in Bashang area of Hebei province and its remediation.Beijing: China Environment Science Press.62～66(in Chinese)