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应用生态学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (12): 3329-3336.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

太湖流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

高欣1,牛翠娟1**,胡忠军2   

  1. 1北京师范大学生命科学学院, 北京 100075; 2上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306
  • 出版日期:2011-12-18 发布日期:2011-12-18

Macrobenthos community structure and its relations with environmental factors in Taihu River basin.

GAO Xin1, NIU Cui-juan1, HU Zhong-jun2   

  1. 1College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 2College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Online:2011-12-18 Published:2011-12-18

摘要: 分别于2009年8月和2010年5月对太湖流域37个采样点的大型底栖动物进行调查采样.共采集到大型底栖动物69种,其中寡毛类15种,占21.7%;软体动物16种,占232%;甲壳动物5种,占7.2%;水生昆虫27种,占39.1%;多毛类6种,占8.7%.利用大型底栖动物的物种组成以及物种相对丰度,应用双向指示种(TWINSPAN)和无偏对应分析(DCA)将37个采样点分为4组.第1组的指示种为齿吻沙蚕和河蚬等多毛类及软体动物;第2组的指示种为太湖大螯蜚和方格短沟蜷等多毛类及软体动物;第3组的指示种为霍甫水丝蚓等环节动物;第4组的指示种为正颤蚓和摇蚊幼虫.典范对应分析(CCA)结果表明: 电导率和总氮是影响底栖动物分布的主要环境因子,铵氮、CODCr、透明度、叶绿素a、水深及硝态氮对底栖动物分布也有影响.

关键词: 太湖流域, 大型底栖动物, 群落结构, 双向指示种分析, 无偏对应分析, 典范对应分析

Abstract: An investigation was conducted on the macrobenthos at 37 sampling sites in the Taihu River basin in August 2009 and May 2010.A total of 69 macrobenthos species were collected, of which, 15 species (21.7% of the total) were oligochaetas, 16 species (23.2%) were mollusks, 5 species (7.2%) were crustaceans, 27 species (39.1%) were aquatic insects, and 6 species (8.7%) were polychaetes. Based on the species composition and relative abundance, and by using two-way indicators species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), the 37 sampling sites were divided into four groups. In the first group, polychaetes and mollusks such as Nephthys sp. and Corbicula fluminea were the indicator species; in the second group, polychaetes and mollusks such as Grandidierella aihuensis and Semisulcospira libertina were the indicator species; in the third and fourth groups, the indicator species were the annelids such as Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and the Tubifex tubifex and chironomidae larvae, respectively. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that water conductivity and total nitrogen were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of macrobenthos, and the factors water depth, diaphaneity, CODCr, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and chlorophyll a also had definite effects.

Key words: Taihu River basin, macrobenthos, community structure, TWINSPAN, DCA, CCA