外来杂草加拿大一枝黄花对入侵地植物的化感效应

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (12): 2379-2382.

外来杂草加拿大一枝黄花对入侵地植物的化感效应

梅玲笑, 陈欣, 唐建军

浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310029

收稿日期:2005-04-12 修回日期:2005-07-11 出版日期:2005-12-15 发布日期:2005-12-15
通讯作者: 唐建军
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金海外合作项目(30228005)和国家自然科学基金项目(39870149)及浙江省科协人才资助项目.

Allelopathic effects of invasive weed Solidago canadensis on native plants

MEI Lingxiao, CHEN Xin, TANG Jianjun

College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China

Received:2005-04-12 Revised:2005-07-11 Online:2005-12-15 Published:2005-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用人工气候箱培养试验,初步研究了入侵杂草加拿大一枝黄花对本地植物的化感作用.测定了根系和根状茎的不同浓度浸提液对白三叶发芽率和幼苗生长的影响;不同播种密度下根系1:60提取浓度对白三叶种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响;根状茎1:60提取浓度对白三叶、红三叶、天蓝苜蓿、黑麦草、北美车前、鸡眼草、苇状羊茅、胜红蓟、马齿苋、碱蓬和刺苋的种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,加拿大一枝黄花根系和根状茎的化感抑制作用均随浓度的升高而增强,且根状茎提取物的抑制效应高于根系提取物的效应;在1:60低浓度根系浸提液作用下,不同密度的白三叶幼苗萌发率和幼根、幼芽长度差异不显著;1:60低浓度根状茎提取物对11个物种的种子萌发均有显著抑制作用,但对不同物种的抑制程度有差异,对禾本科植物的抑制作用大于非禾本科和豆科;1:60低浓度根状茎提取物对10个物种的幼根影响与对萌发率的影响相似,但在对幼芽的影响上,仅对鸡眼草、刺苋和苇状羊茅起抑制作用,而对其他植物无显著抑制(黑麦草、北美车前、胜红蓟、马齿苋和刺苋)或起促进作用(白三叶、红三叶、天蓝苜蓿).

关键词: 一枝黄花, 化感作用, 浸提液, 生物测定

Abstract: With growth chamber method,this paper studied the allelopathic potential of invasive weed Solidago canadensis on native plant species.Different concentration S.canadensis root and rhizome extracts were examined,and the test plants were Trifolium repens,Trifolium pretense,Medicago lupulina,Lolium perenne,Suaeda glauca,Plantago virginica,Kummerowia stipulacea,Festuca arundinacea,Ageratum conyzoides,Portulaca oleracea,and Amaranthus spinosus.The results showed that the allelopathic inhibitory effect of the extracts from both S.canadensis root and rhizome was enhanced with increasing concentration,and rhizome extracts had a higher effect than root extracts.At the lowest concentration(1:60),root extract had little effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of T.repens,but rhizome extract could inhibit the germination of all test plants though the inhibitory effect varied with different species.The inhibition was the greatest for grass,followed by forb and legume.1:60(m:m)rhizome extract had similar effects on seed germination and radicel growth,but for outgrowth,the extract could inhibit Kummerowia stipulacea,Amaranthus spinosus and Festuca arundinacea,had no significant impact on Lolium perenne,Plantago virginica,Ageratum conyzoides,Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus spinosus,and stimulated Trifolium repens,Trifolium pretense and Medicago lupulina.

Key words: Solidago canadensis, Allelopathic effects, Extract, Bioassay

中图分类号:

Q945
S451

梅玲笑, 陈欣, 唐建军. 外来杂草加拿大一枝黄花对入侵地植物的化感效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(12): 2379-2382.

MEI Lingxiao, CHEN Xin, TANG Jianjun . Allelopathic effects of invasive weed Solidago canadensis on native plants[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(12): 2379-2382.

参考文献

[1]Bais HP,Vepachedu R,Gilroy S,et al.2003.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions.Science,301:1377～1380
[2]Bais HP,Walker TS,Stermitz FR,et al.2002.Enantiomeric-dependent phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of(+/-)-catechin:A rhizosecreted racemic mixture from spotted knapweed.Plant Physiol,128(4):1173～1179
[3]Callaway RM,Aschehoug ET.2000.Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbors:A mechanism for exotic invasion.Science,290:521～523
[4]Ding P(丁璞),Zhao X-Q(赵秀琴).2001.The effect of extracting condition on the analysis result of allelochemicals in wheat straw.Chin Bull Bot(植物学通报),18(6):735～738(in Chinese)
[5]Guo S-L(郭水良),Fang F(方芳).2003.Physiological adaptation of the invasive plant Salidago canadensis to environments.Acta Phytoecol Sin(植物生态学报),27(1):47～52(in Chinese)
[6]Hierro JL,Callaway RM.2003.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion.Plant Soil,256(1):29～39
[7]Hu F(胡飞),Kong C-H(孔垂华),Chen X-H(陈雄辉),et al.2003.Effects of different water,fertility,and light conditions on allelopathic traits of rice.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(12):2265～2268(in Chinese)
[8]Kong C-H(孔垂华),Xu X-H(徐效华),Liang W-J(梁文举),et al.2004.Non-phenolic allelochemicals in root exudates of an allelopathic rice variety and their identification and weed suppressive activity.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),24(7):1317～1322(in Chinese)
[9]Li B(李博),Chen J-K(陈家宽).2002.Ecology of biological invasions:Achievements and challenges.World Sci Technol Res Dev(世界科技研究与发展),24(2):26～36(in Chinese)
[10]Li B(李博),Xu B-S(徐炳声),Chen J-K(陈家宽).2001.Perspectives on general trends of plant invasions with special reference to alien weed flora of Shanghai.Biodiv Sci(生物多样性),9(4):446～457(in Chinese)
[11]Li D(李迪),Zhou Y-J(周勇军),Liu X-C(刘小川),et al.2004.Evaluation of allelopathic potential of some Chinese rice against weeds.Chin J Rice Sci(中国水稻科学),18(4):309～314(in Chinese)
[12]Lin W-X(林文雄),He H-Q(何华勤),Guo Y-C(郭玉春),et al.2001.Rice allelopathy and its physiobiochemical characteristics.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(6):871～875(in Chinese)
[13]Nilsson MC,Zackrisson O,Sterner O,et al.2000.Characterisation of the differential interference effects of two boreal dwarf shrub species.Oecologiia,123(1):122～128
[14]Pandya SM.1975.Effect of Celosia argentea extracts on roots and shoot growth of bajra seedlings.Geobios,2:175～178
[15]Vivanco JM,Bais HP,Stermitz FR,et al.2004.Biogeographical variation in community response to root allelochemistry:Novel weapons and exotic invasion.Ecol Lett,7(4):285～292
[16]Wang P(王朋),Liang W-J(梁文举),Kong C-H(孔垂华),et al.2004.Chemical mechanism of exotic weed invasion.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),15(4):707～711(in Chinese)
[17]Wang Y-P(王艳平),Tang L-H(汤陵华),Fang X-W(方先文),et al.2003.Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract from rice on the growth of barnyard grass.J Plant Genet Resour(植物遗传资源学报),4(3):191～194(in Chinese)
[18]Zhang M-X(张茂新),Ling B(凌冰),Kong C-H(孔垂华),et al.2003.Chemical components of volatile oil from Mikania micrantha and its biological activity on insects.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(1):93～96(in Chinese)
[19]Zheng C-Z(郑朝宗).1993.Flora of Zhejiang.Vol.6.Hangzhou:Zhejiang Science and Technology Press.225～226 (in Chinese)