开放式空气二氧化碳浓度增高(FACE)条件下水稻的根系活力和氮同化能力

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (8): 1482-1486.

开放式空气二氧化碳浓度增高(FACE)条件下水稻的根系活力和氮同化能力

庞静^1,2, 朱建国¹, 谢祖彬¹, 刘钢¹, 陈改苹¹, 张雅丽¹

1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;
2. 湖北大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430062

收稿日期:2004-10-02 修回日期:2005-02-21 出版日期:2005-08-15 发布日期:2005-08-15
通讯作者: 庞静,女,1973年生,博士研究生.主要从事土壤环境生物化学研究,发表论文13篇.Tel:025-86881137;E-mail:pangjing2286@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC-40271061,NSFC-40120140817)、中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(kzcx2-408)和国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2002CB412502,2002CB714003).

Root activity and nitrogen assimilation of rice(Oryza sativa)under Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment

PANG Jing^1,2, ZHU Jianguo¹, XIE Zubin¹, LIU Gang¹, CHEN Gaiping¹, ZHANG Yali ¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. Faculty of Resource and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China

Received:2004-10-02 Revised:2005-02-21 Online:2005-08-15 Published:2005-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用FACE(Free Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment)平台技术,用伤流量法研究了低氮(LN150kg·hm^-2)和常氮(NN250kg·hm^-2)水平下,大气CO₂浓度升高对水稻分蘖、抽穗期和穗后3d根系活力和根系N同化能力(氨基酸合成能力)的影响.结果表明,就整株水稻来看,CO₂浓度升高和N处理对根系活力无显著影响;但由于FACE条件下水稻分蘖数增加14.5%(LN)和20.7%(NN),使每茎根系活力(伤流强度)降低1.4%～21.7%.在分蘖和抽穗期,虽然FACE处理促进了根系吸收的无机N向氨基酸转化,根系伤流液中氨基酸氮/无机氮提高11.1%～143.1%,但氨基酸浓度和合成总量和对照相比无明显差异.在穗后35d,FACE处理减弱了水稻根系的N同化能力,表现为根系伤流液中氨基酸/无机氮降低38.1%(LN)和29.2%(NN);同时氨基酸浓度降低34.0%(LN)和44.7%(NN),氨基酸合成总量降低50.8%(LN)和40.0%(NN).提高施氮水平促进了抽穗期水稻根系对无机氮的吸收,伤流液中无机氮含量增加51.1%(对照)和155.2%(FACE),但并未增加氨基酸合成量,由此导致抽穗期氨基酸氮/无机氮显著降低19.5%(对照)和36.8%(FACE);同时,氮处理在这个时期与FACE处理表现出明显的交互作用.

关键词: FACE, CO₂浓度升高, 水稻, 根系伤流液, 根系活力, 氨基酸合成

Abstract: With Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment(FACE)technique,this paper studied the root activity and amino acid(aa) synthesis of rice(Oryza sativa)at low N(LN,150 kgN·hm^-2)and normal N(NN,250 kgN·hm^-2)under ambient air and elevated atmospheric CO₂(Ambient+200 μmol·mol^-1).Under elevated CO₂,the xylem exudates per hill changed little,while the xylem exudates per stem declined by 1.4%～21.7% as the result of greater tiller numbers.At tillering and heading stages,elevated CO₂ increased aa N/inorganic N in xylem exudates by 11.1%～143.1%,but did not affect the aa concentration in xylem exudates and the total amount of aa in roots significantly.However,at 35 days after heading,the aa N/inorganic N ratio decreased by 38.1%(LN)and 29.2%(NN)under elevated CO₂.FACE also declined the aa concentration in xylem exudates by 34.0%(LN)and 44.7%(NN),and the total amount of aa by 50.8%(LN) and 40.0%(NN),which meant the retarded capability of aa synthesis in roots.N amendment led to a decrease of aa N/inorganic N in xylem exudates by 19.5%(Ambient) and 36.8%(FACE) at heading stage,as the result of unaffected aa and increased inorganic N concentration.There existed a significantly antagonistical CO₂N interaction on aa N/inorganic N at heading stage.

Key words: FACE, Elevated CO₂, Rice, Xylem exudates, Root activity, Amino acid synthesis

中图分类号:

X173

庞静, 朱建国, 谢祖彬, 刘钢, 陈改苹, 张雅丽. 开放式空气二氧化碳浓度增高(FACE)条件下水稻的根系活力和氮同化能力[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(8): 1482-1486.

PANG Jing, ZHU Jianguo, XIE Zubin, LIU Gang, CHEN Gaiping, ZHANG Yali . Root activity and nitrogen assimilation of rice(Oryza sativa)under Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(8): 1482-1486.

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