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应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (6): 963-968.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南方山地人工草地群落结构组建及其与环境因子的关系

辛晓平1, 王宗礼2, 杨桂霞1, 李向林3   

  1. 1. 中国农业科学院农业自然资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081;
    2. 甘肃农业大学, 兰州 730000;
    3. 中国农业科学院畜牧研究所, 北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2002-04-29 修回日期:2003-10-10 出版日期:2004-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 辛晓平
  • 基金资助:
    国家“863”项目(2002AA243021);国家重点科技攻关资助项目(960160202)

Community structure organization and its relation with environmental factors of sown grassland in South China

XIN Xiaoping1, Wang Zongli2, YANG Guixia1, LI Xianglin 3   

  1. 1. Institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    3. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:2002-04-29 Revised:2003-10-10 Online:2004-06-15

摘要: 采用CCA排序技术,定量分离了刈割和放牧下环境、空间、生物和随机因素对亚热带山地人工草地群落结构组建的贡献,分析了不同管理制度下的群落-环境关系.放牧和刈割条件下,与环境因素有关的群落结构变化分别为27.4%、25.9%(其中环境因素独立作用分别为18.9%、19.8%),空间因素解释的变化分别为32.5%、24.2%,生物及随机因素造成的变化分别为48%、56%.说明放牧削弱了生物学过程(主要是物种相互作用和种子扩散)对群落结构组建的作用,增强了空间因素的影响.空间因素主要是通过与环境因素耦合(改变直接环境的空间分布)对群落结构组建起作用.刈割条件下,群落结构和物种多度沿环境变化呈梯度分布.放牧条件下,环境因素与群落、物种的关系比较复杂,不同干扰程度的群落小斑块向不同方向演替.

关键词: 群落结构, 环境因素, 空间因素, 刈割, 放牧

Abstract: Contribution of environmental factors,spatial factors,biological and random factors to community structure within a man made grassland in southern terra was partitioned using canonical correspondence analysis.Under mowing and grazing,environmental factors explained (27.4% and 25.9%) variation of community structure.Contribution of spatial factors was 32.5%,24.2%,respectively.Contribution of biological and random factors was 48% and 56%,respectively.Gradient in community structure and species abundance is evident along environmental gradient in mowing grassland.The environment community/species relations were more complex in grazed grassland.Patches under different grazing intensity develop toward different directions.

Key words: Community structure, Environmental factors, Spatial factors, Mowing, Grazing

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