陕北黄土高原土壤干层的分布和分异特征

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 436-442.

陕北黄土高原土壤干层的分布和分异特征

王力^1,3, 邵明安^1,2, 张青峰³

1. 中国科学院水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
3. 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院, 杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2003-03-24 修回日期:2003-11-15 出版日期:2004-03-15
通讯作者: 王力,男,1973年生,博士,助理研究员,主要从事土壤水分和植被生长方面的研究,发表论文10余篇.Email:wangli5208@ina.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000018605);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230290);博士后基金资助项目

Distribution and characters of soil dry layer in north Shaanxi Loess Plateau

WANG Li^1,3, SHAO Ming'an^1,2, ZHANG Qingfeng ³

1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;
2. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China

Received:2003-03-24 Revised:2003-11-15 Online:2004-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以人工刺槐林为研究对象,经大量野外调查和数据分析,研究了陕北黄土高原土壤干层的分布状况和分异特征.结果表明,土壤干层在陕北黄土高原从南到北大范围内普遍分布,根据干化程度可分为4个类型区:1)以宜君为代表的高原沟壑区南部;2)以富县、黄陵为代表的高原沟壑区北部;3)范围较广的丘陵沟壑区,该区又可分为南、西、北3个小区,南区以延安、延长为代表;西区以吴旗、安塞为代表;北区以绥德、米脂为代表;4)以神木为代表的风沙区.受降雨量的影响,土壤干化程度具有明显的水平分异规律,即随着降雨量从南到北的减少,干化程度亦随之加重;受海拔高度、降雨入渗能力的影响,土壤干化程度在小范围的山地呈现明显的垂直分异规律,海拔愈高,干化程度愈严重;因土地类型的不同,土壤干化程度在局地空间上呈现明显的分异规律.

Abstract: Based on a whole survey and detailed analysis in artificial Robinnia pseudoscacia forestland,distribution and characters of dry layer in soil were studied in north Shaanxi Loess Platea.The results showed that soil dry layer was distributed universally from south to north in Loess Plateau,which can be classified into four zones according to the dryness:1)In southern gully zone represented by Ziwu Ridge and Huanglong Moutain in Yijun County,the soil dry layer was gentle,so if the appropriate measures were taken and water-saving facility were available or in water-abundant year,the shortage of soil water coull be alleviated;2)In northern gully zone represented by Fuxian and Huangling County,light soil dry layer occurs and was getting worse and we should pay close attention to this;3)In the large hill and gully zone,serious dry layer appears,it coull be subdivided into south,west and north plots.In south plot represented by Yanan and Yanchang County the dry layer was moderate;in west represented by Wuqi and Ansai County the dry layer was severe;in north represented by Suide and Mizhi County the dry layer was disastrous;4)In the windy sand zone represented by Shenmu County,since the precipitation decreased drastically and seriously sandy,very grave soil desiccation appeared.Also,soil dryness showed apparent horizontal differences with rainfall and the apparent vertical gradient in small hill area.

中图分类号:

S154.1

王力, 邵明安, 张青峰. 陕北黄土高原土壤干层的分布和分异特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (3): 436-442.

WANG Li, SHAO Ming'an, ZHANG Qingfeng . Distribution and characters of soil dry layer in north Shaanxi Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (3): 436-442.

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