松嫩平原不同株型玉米品种根系分布特征比较研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (11): 1911-1913.

松嫩平原不同株型玉米品种根系分布特征比较研究

宋日^1,2, 吴春胜¹, 马丽艳¹, 郭继勋², 邢福²

1. 吉林农业大学农学院, 长春 130118;
2. 东北师范大学草地研究所, 植被生态科学教育部重点实验室, 长春 130024

收稿日期:2002-07-14 修回日期:2003-02-27 出版日期:2003-11-15
通讯作者: 宋日,男,1966年生,博士,主要从事玉米耕作栽培与农业生态教学和研究工作,发表论文20篇.E-mail:songri2003@yahoo.com.cn.
基金资助:
国家“九五”科技攻关资助项目(950010010302)

Comparison of roots distribution in different maize plant type cultivars in the Songnen Plain

SONG Ri^1,2, WU Chunsheng¹, MA Liyan¹, GUO Jixun², XING Fu ²

1. College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China

Received:2002-07-14 Revised:2003-02-27 Online:2003-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用土柱模拟栽培法与大田试验相结合的方法,对松嫩平原不同株型玉米的根系分布特征进行了比较.结果表明,平展型玉米和紧凑型玉米根干重最大值出现的时期不同,二者根干重分别在抽丝后15d和抽丝后30d时达到最大值.成熟时紧凑型玉米根干重比平展型高12.2%.二者根系垂直分布有明显的差异,在20cm以下的根干重比率,平展型玉米在19%以下,而紧凑型玉米高于23%.紧凑型玉米的深层根量较多,在深40～100cm土层内根干重比率比平展型高42.3%.二者的根系水平分布也不同,紧凑型玉米根系水平分布较集中,在距植株0～10cm水平范围内,根系分布比率比平展型玉米高9.6%.紧凑型玉米深层根量较多,水平分布集中,耐密植,是易获得高产的重要原因之一.

Abstract: By soil column culture and field experiment, the comparison of roots distribution of spreading-leaf and upright-leaf maize cultivars in the Songnen Plain was studied. The results showed that there were differences in the roots distribution of different maize cultivars. The maximum of root dry weight appeared on the 15th day and 30th day after silking for spreading-leaf and upright-leaf maize cultivar, respectively. Compared to spreading-leaf maize cultivar, the root dry weight of upright-leaf maize cultivar was higher by 12.2%. The vertical distribution of different maize cultivar roots was different. The root dry weight rate below 20 cm depth of spreading-leaf maize cultivar was less than 19%, whereas that of upright-leaf maize cultivar was more than23%. Compared with spreading-leaf maize cultivar, the root dry weight rate at 40～100 cm depth was higher by 43.3%. There were differences between the different maize cultivars in the horizontal roots distribution. The roots of upright-leaf maize cultivar distributed tightly in horizon. The percentage of root dry weight of upright-leaf maize cultivar in a horizontal area 0～10 cm from the plant center was higher than that of spreading-leaf maize cultivar by 9.6%. Upright-leaf maize cultivar had more roots in deeper soil depth and it distributed tightly in horizon. Therefore, it was suitable for compact-planting. It was easier to acquire high yield for upright-leaf maize cultivar because it had good roots distribution characteristics.

中图分类号:

S565.1

宋日, 吴春胜, 马丽艳, 郭继勋, 邢福. 松嫩平原不同株型玉米品种根系分布特征比较研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (11): 1911-1913.

SONG Ri, WU Chunsheng, MA Liyan, GUO Jixun, XING Fu . Comparison of roots distribution in different maize plant type cultivars in the Songnen Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (11): 1911-1913.

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