氯苯胁迫对蚕豆幼苗生长和细胞分裂的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 585-588.

氯苯胁迫对蚕豆幼苗生长和细胞分裂的影响

刘宛, 周启星, 李培军, 孙铁珩, 台培东, 许华夏, 张春桂, 张海荣

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2002-09-20 修回日期:2002-11-18 出版日期:2003-04-15
通讯作者: 刘宛,女,1963年生,博士,副研究员,主要从事污染生态学研究,发表论文20余篇.E-mail:liuwan63@hotmail.com.
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-401,KZCX2-SW-416,SCXZD0103);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G19990118);中国科学院沈阳生态实验站(K88GGSBS0202);中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室基金资助项目.

Effects of chlorobenzene stress on seedling growth and cell division of Vicia faba

LIU Wan, ZHOU Qixing, LI Peijun, SUN Tieheng, TAI Peidong, XU Huaxia, ZHANG Chungui, ZHANG Hairong

Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2002-09-20 Revised:2002-11-18 Online:2003-04-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了1,2,4三氯苯(TCB)对蚕豆幼苗生长、根尖细胞分裂及染色体畸变的影响.结果表明,随TCB浓度增加和处理时间延长,蚕豆幼苗根长的生长及根尖细胞有丝分裂指数降低甚至停止.TCB诱发蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂过程中染色体数目畸变和结构畸变.50～100μg·g^-1TCB胁迫12～24h,蚕豆根尖染色体的主要损伤形式为c有丝分裂、染色体桥和不均匀排列,其出现百分率达1.0%～10.3%.300μg·g^-1TCB胁迫12～96h,蚕豆根尖细胞中染色体粘连(S)、S+染色体断裂(S+B)、S+染色体环(S+R)、S+染色体不均匀排列(S+A)及S+染色体桥(S+Be)出现的百分率达47.9%～88.9%,各种类型染色体断裂出现的百分率仅为18.1%～29.6%,说明蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变分析可作为TCB土壤污染监测的敏感生物监测指标.

Abstract: Effects of 1, 2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stress on seedling growth, cell division and chromosomal aberration frequency of root-tip cells of Vicia faba were studied. The results indicated that the growth of the root length and mitotic index of root tip cells were successively decreased and even stopped with the increase of TCBconcentrations and treatment duration. Numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations at metaphase and anaphase of root-tip cells in Vicia faba seedlings were produced by 50～300μg·g^-1TCBtreatment for 12～96h. The percentage of c-mitosis, chromosomal bridge and chromosomal asymmetry array in root tip cells exposed to 50～100μg·g^-1 TCB for 12～24h was up to 1.0～10.3%. The percentage of chromosomal stickiness (S), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal breakage (S+B), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal ring (S+R), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal asymmetry array (S+A) and chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal bridge (S+Be) in root tip cells reached 47.9～88.9%, and 18.1～29.6% for different kinds of chromosomal breakage at 300μg·g^-1 TCB for 12～96h. Thus,the chromosomal aberration of root tip cells in Vicia faba seedlings could be used as a sensitive biomarker of monitoring soil contaminated with TCB.

中图分类号:

X173

刘宛, 周启星, 李培军, 孙铁珩, 台培东, 许华夏, 张春桂, 张海荣. 氯苯胁迫对蚕豆幼苗生长和细胞分裂的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (4): 585-588.

LIU Wan, ZHOU Qixing, LI Peijun, SUN Tieheng, TAI Peidong, XU Huaxia, ZHANG Chungui, ZHANG Hairong . Effects of chlorobenzene stress on seedling growth and cell division of Vicia faba[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (4): 585-588.

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