CO2浓度、氮和水分对春小麦光合、蒸散及水分利用效率的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 387-393.

CO₂浓度、氮和水分对春小麦光合、蒸散及水分利用效率的影响

李伏生¹, 康绍忠², 张富仓²

1. 广西大学农学院, 南宁 530005;
2. 西北农林科技大学, 教育部旱区农业水土工程重点实验室, 杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2001-05-28 修回日期:2001-09-07 出版日期:2003-03-15
通讯作者: 李伏生,男,1963年生,博士,副教授,主要从事植物营养与施肥和水分利用方面的研究,发表论文30余篇.Tel:0771-3237748,E-mail:lifusheng@hotmail.com.
基金资助:
国家重大基础研究计划项目(G1999011708);国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(49725102)

Effects of CO₂ enrichment, nitrogen and water on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of spring wheat

LI Fusheng¹, KANG Shaozhong², ZHANG Fucang²

1. Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in the Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest Sci Tec University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

Received:2001-05-28 Revised:2001-09-07 Online:2003-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了不同土壤氮和土壤水分条件下,大气CO₂浓度升高对春小麦光合作用、气孔导度、蒸散和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明,CO₂浓度升高,干旱处理的春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)叶片光合作用速率幅度增加大于湿润处理,随着氮肥用量增加光合速率相应增加,而不施氮肥增加有限;干旱处理气孔导度幅度减少大于湿润处理,不施氮肥的大于氮肥充足的.CO₂浓度升高,干旱处理的蒸散量减少比湿润处理多,不施氮肥的蒸散量减少较为明显;但干旱处理单叶WUE增加大于湿润处理;随着氮肥用量增加,冠层WUE提高,而不施氮肥的冠层WUE最低.因而CO₂浓度升高、光合速率增加和蒸散量减少会减缓干旱的不利影响,增强作物对干旱胁迫的抵御能力.

Abstract: Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was treated with 2 atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (350 and 700 μmol·mol^-1), 2 levels of soil moisture (wet and drought), and 5 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0,50,100,150,200 mg·kg^-1 soil). The results showed that elevated atmospheric CO₂ increased photosynthetic rate more in drought than in wet treatment. Photosynthetic rate increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. Stomatal conductance decreased with CO₂ enrichment, which was more in drought than in wet treatment. CO₂ enrichment decreased more evapotranspiration in drought than in wet treatment. The decrease was more apparent with no fertilization. CO₂ enrichment increased more leaf water use efficiency in drought than in wet treatment. Canopy WUEincreased with CO₂ enrichment and Nfertilization. Thus, the increase in photosynthesis and the reduction in evapotranspiration due to elevated CO₂ can ameliorate the negative effects of drought, and increase wheat resistance to water stress.

中图分类号:

Q945.11
S158

李伏生, 康绍忠, 张富仓. CO₂浓度、氮和水分对春小麦光合、蒸散及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (3): 387-393.

LI Fusheng, KANG Shaozhong, ZHANG Fucang. Effects of CO₂ enrichment, nitrogen and water on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of spring wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (3): 387-393.

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CO₂浓度、氮和水分对春小麦光合、蒸散及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of CO₂ enrichment, nitrogen and water on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of spring wheat

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