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应用生态学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10): 2487-2494.

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

灌水对不同品种小麦茎和叶鞘糖含量及产量的影响

孟维伟1,2,褚鹏飞1,3,于振文1**,许振柱3   

  1. 1山东农业大学农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室, 山东泰安 271018;2山东省无棣县农业局, 山东无棣  251900;3中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
  • 出版日期:2011-10-18 发布日期:2011-10-18

Effects of irrigation  on the water soluble carbohydrate contents in different wheat cultivars stem and sheath and the grain yield.

MENG Wei-wei1,2, CHU Peng-fei1,3, YU Zhen-wen1, XU Zhen-zhu3   

  1. 1Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China;2Wudi Agriculture Bureau, Wudi 251900, Shandong, China;3State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
  • Online:2011-10-18 Published:2011-10-18

摘要: 以冬小麦品种济麦20和泰山22为材料,设置全生育期不灌水(W0)、灌冬水+拔节水(W1)、灌冬水+拔节水+开花水(W2)、灌冬水+拔节水+开花水+灌浆水(W3)4个处理,研究不同灌水处理对小麦倒二茎节间和叶鞘中水溶性碳水化合物含量和籽粒产量的影响.结果表明: 两品种W0处理灌浆初期倒二茎节间和叶鞘的可溶性总糖、聚合度(DP)≥4和DP=3的果聚糖含量最高,灌浆后期的果糖含量最高,这有利于倒二茎节间和叶鞘水溶性碳水化合物的积累与降解,从而提高千粒重.灌水处理间比较,济麦20的W1处理在灌浆初期倒二茎节间和叶鞘的DP≥4、DP=3果聚糖含量和灌浆中后期的可溶性总糖、果糖含量最高,其籽粒产量也最高;泰山22的W2处理在灌浆初期倒二茎节间和叶鞘的DP≥4、DP=3果聚糖含量最高,灌浆后期的果糖含量高于W1处理,其籽粒产量也最高.品种间比较,泰山22灌浆阶段的倒二茎节间和叶鞘的可溶性总糖、DP≥4果聚糖含量和灌浆后期的果糖含量高于济麦20.两品种的籽粒产量对水分处理的响应不同,济麦20的籽粒产量在W0和W1条件下高于泰山22,在W2和W3条件下低于泰山22.本试验中,济麦20的W1处理和泰山22的W2处理有利于倒二茎节间和叶鞘中水溶性碳水化合物的积累与降解,其籽粒产量显著高于其他处理,分别是两品种的最优水分处理.

Abstract: Taking two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Jimai 20 and Taishan 22 as test objects, this paper studied the effects of different irrigation treatments on the water soluble carbohydrate contents in penult stem internode and sheath and the grain yield. Four irrigation treatments were installed, i.e., no irrigation (W0), irrigation at overwintering and jointing stages (W1), irrigation at overwintering, jointing and anthesis stages (W2), and irrigation at overwintering, jointing, anthesis and filling stages (W3). In treatment W0, the contents of total soluble sugar and of fructan with the degree of polymerization (DP) ≥4 and =3 in the penult stem internode and sheath of the two cultivars at early filling stage and the fructose content at later filling stage were the highest, indicating that the accumulation and degradation of water soluble carbohydrate in the penult stem internode and sheath were promoted under no irrigation, which in turn increased the 1000-grain weight. In treatment W1, the contents of fructan with DP≥4 and DP=3 in the penult stem internode and sheath of Jimai 20 at early filling stage, the total soluble sugar and fructose contents at middle and later filling stages, and the grain yield were the highest. In treatment W2, Taishan 22 had the highest contents of fructan with DP≥4 and DP=3 in the penult stem internode and sheath at early filling stage, lower fructose content at higher filling stage than in treatment W1, and the highest grain yield. Comparing with Jimai 20, Taishan 22 had higher contents of total soluble sugar and of fructan with DP≥4 in the penult stem internode and sheath at early filling stage and higher  content of fructose at later filling stage, and lower  grain yield in treatments W0and W1 but higher grain yield in treatments W2 and W3. In this study, treatments W1 and W2 promoted the accumulation and degradation of water soluble carbohydrate in the penult stem internode and sheath of Jimai 20 and Taishan 22, and gained the highest grain yields of the two cultivars, respectively, being most appropriate irrigation treatments for Jimai 20 and Taishan 22, respectively.