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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 2063-2071.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201906.019

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

丛枝菌根真菌促进湿地植物对污染水体中镉的吸收

宁楚涵1, 李文彬1,2, 徐启凯1, 李敏1, 郭绍霞1,2,*   

  1. 1青岛农业大学菌根生物技术研究所, 山东青岛 266109;
    2青岛农业大学园林与林学院, 山东青岛 266109
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-10 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-06-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: gsx2309@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    青岛农业大学博士启动基金项目(663-1113341)资助

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance cadmium uptake of wetland plants in contaminated water

NING Chu-han1, LI Wen-bin1,2, XU Qi-kai1, LI Min1, GUO Shao-xia1,2,*   

  1. 1Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China;
    2College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
  • Received:2018-07-10 Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-15
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by PhD Startup Fund of Qingdao Agricultural University (663-1113341)

摘要: 丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)具有促进植物生长、增强植物耐重金属毒害及修复重金属污染生境的作用.本试验于模拟湿地系统中设0、5、10和20 mg·L-1镉浓度,对芦苇和狼尾草分别进行接种和不接种摩西斗管囊霉(Fm)、根内根孢囊霉(Ri)处理.结果表明: 镉污染降低了AMF侵染;接种AMF提高了芦苇和狼尾草的株高、干质量、叶绿素含量、地上部与根内的氮和镉含量,增强了根系对镉的富集能力,降低了镉转移系数.在5 mg·L-1镉处理下,接种Fm的芦苇处理的各项指标均高于其他处理,其AMF侵染率为60.6%,每毫米根长的侵入点和泡囊数分别为2.3和3.7;与不接种对照相比,接种Fm的芦苇地上部与根系干质量分别提高69.1%和75.0%,地上部与根系氮含量分别提高38.7%和27.8%,叶绿素含量和株高分别增加3.8%和11.1%.湿地系统镉浓度与植株地上部和根内的镉含量呈显著正相关.在20 mg·L-1镉处理下,接种Fm的芦苇地上部和根内镉含量达到最大值182.4和663.3 mg·kg-1,镉转移系数最低,为0.27,而富集系数最高,为0.55.Fm+芦苇是本试验条件下吸收富集污染水体中镉的最佳组合.

Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in plant growth enhancement, tolerance to heavy metal toxicity, and rehabilitation of contaminated ecosystems. An experiment was carried out with Phragmites communis and Pennisetum alopecuroides inoculated with or without Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), or Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri) under the simulated wetland system with Cd polluted water (0, 5, 10 or 20 mg·L-1). The results showed that Cd addition significantly decreased mycorrhizal colonization. AMF increased plant height, dry mass, leaf chlorophyll, N and Cd contents in shoot and root of P. communis and P. alopecuroides, enhanced Cd enrichment capability by roots, and decreased Cd transfer coefficient. Under Cd 5 mg·L-1 treatment, all of the indices in Fm + P. communis combination treatment were higher than those of other treatments, with 60.6% of AMF colonization, and the entry points and vesicles per mm root length were 2.3 and 3.7, respectively. Under the inoculation treatment, dry mass of shoot and root was improved by 69.1%, and 75.0%, nitrogen contents in shoot and root were increased by 38.7% and 27.8%, and the chlorophyll content and plant height were increased by 3.8% and 11.1%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between Cd concentration in wetland system and Cd content in shoot and root. Under Cd 20 mg·L-1 treatment, Fm + P. communis combination had the maximum Cd contents of 182.4 mg·kg-1 and 663.3 mg·kg-1 in shoot and root, respectively, the lowest Cd transfer coefficient (0.27), and the highest enrichment coefficient (0.55). In conclusion, Fm + P. communis was the best combination for absorbing Cd in polluted water.