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生物质炭化还田对稻田温室气体排放及土壤理化性质的影响

刘玉学1,2,王耀锋1,3,吕豪豪1,2,陈义1,2,唐旭1,2,吴春艳1,2,钟哲科2,4,杨生茂1,2**   

  1. (1浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021; 2浙江省生物炭工程技术研究中心, 杭州 310021; 3南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所, 南京 210095; 4国家林业局竹子研究开发中心, 杭州 310012)
  • 出版日期:2013-08-18 发布日期:2013-08-18

Effects of biochar application on greenhouse gas emission from paddy soil and its physical and chemical properties.

LIU Yu-xue1,2, WANG Yao-feng1,3, LU Hao-hao1,2, CHEN Yi1,2, TANG Xu1,2, WU Chun-yan1,2, ZHONG Zhe-ke2,4, YANG Sheng-mao1,2   

  1. (1Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; 2Zhejiang Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center, Hangzhou 310021, China; 3Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 4China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou 310012, China)
  • Online:2013-08-18 Published:2013-08-18

摘要:

通过水稻种植田间试验,研究了水稻秸秆直接还田、水稻秸秆与生活垃圾炭化后还田对稻田温室气体CH4、CO2和N2O排放及土壤理化性质和水稻产量的影响.结果表明:与直接还田相比,秸秆炭化后还田可显著降低稻田CH4和N2O的累积排放量,降幅分别为64.2%~78.5%和16.3%~18.4%.与不添加生物炭相比,无论种植水稻与否,添加秸秆炭和垃圾炭均显著降低了稻田N2O的累积排放量;不种植水稻情况下,添加垃圾炭显著降低了稻田CO2的累积排放量,降幅为25.3%.秸秆炭对提高稻田土壤pH和速效钾含量的作用优于垃圾炭.两种生物炭均能显著提高稻田土壤有机碳含量,但对土壤容重、全氮、有效磷、阳离子交换量及水稻籽粒产量均未产生显著影响.与秸秆直接还田相比,秸秆炭化后还田对水稻增产的效果更佳.
 

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rice straw returning and rice straw biochar and life rubbish biochar application on the greenhouse gas (CH4, CO2 and N2O) emission from paddy soil, its physical and chemical properties, and rice grain yield.  Compared with rice straw returning, applying rice straw biochar decreased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy soil significantly by 64.2%-78.5% and 16.3%-18.4%, respectively. Whether planting rice or not, the cumulative N2O emission from paddy soil under the applications of rice straw biochar and life rubbish biochar was decreased significantly,  compared with that without biochar amendment. Under the condition of no rice planting, applying life rubbish biochar reduced the cumulative CO2 emission significantly by 25.3%. Rice straw biochar was superior to life rubbish biochar in improving soil pH and available potassium content. Both rice straw biochar and life rubbish biochar could increase the soil organic carbon content significantly, but had less effects on the soil bulk density, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and grain yield. It was suggested that  compared with rice straw returning, straw biochar was more effective in improving rice grain yield.