Characterization of greenhouse gas emissions and stable isotopic composition of ammonia during industrial composting process

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.009

Abstract

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), methane (CH₄) and ammonia (NH₃) emitted during the composting of livestock and poultry waste are important gaseous atmospheric pollutants. However, most previous studies on compost-related anthropogenic emissions of these gases were based on small reactor composting. Our understanding of their in situ emissions during industrial composting remains extremely limited. In order to explore the influence of gas produced by industrial composting on regional environment, we monitored CO₂, CH₄, N₂O and NH₃ emissions during industrial composting for 19 days and characterized the isotopic composition of emitted NH₃. On average, the emission rates of CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, and NH₃ during the composting cycle were 86.8 g CO₂-C·d^-1·m^-2, 9.8 g CH₄-C·d^-1·m^-2, 3.7 mg N₂O-N·d^-1·m^-2 and 736.6 mg NH₃-N·d^-1·m^-2, respectively. The contribution of CH₄ to daily global warming potential (GWP) was the highest (65%), followed by CO₂, NH₃(indirect), and N₂O. Moreover, ammonia emitted from industrial compost had a mean δ¹⁵N value of -11.6‰±1.2‰ (range: -21.8‰--7.2‰). Overall, this study provided useful information for understanding greenhouse gas emission dynamics and characterizing atmospheric NH₃ sources during composting process in livestock and poultry breeding areas.

Key words: industrial composting, greenhouse gases, global warming potential, ammonia isotopic composition

LIU Dong, SUN Jian-ping, WANG Ying-ying, SONG Lin-lin, LI Jin, ZHAO Xing-han, LIU Chang, QUAN Zhi, FANG Yun-ting. Characterization of greenhouse gas emissions and stable isotopic composition of ammonia during industrial composting process[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(6): 1451-1458.

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