By the method of physical fractionation of organic matter, this paper studied the  distribution characteristics of organic carbon in different particle size aggregates in a paddy soil chronosequence on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, East China. In the plow layers of the paddy soil chronosequence, micro-aggregates (<0.25 mm) dominated, and the proportion of large micro-aggregates (0.053-0.25 mm) decreased with increasing rice cultivation year. In the micro-aggregates (<0.053 mm and 0.053-0.25 mm), the organic carbon content increased with increasing rice cultivation time; and in the aggregates (0.053-2 mm), the ratio of the organic carbon in different particle size fractions to the bulk soil organic carbon increased with decreasing particle size, and the organic carbon mainly distributed in large micro-aggregates (0.053-0.25 mm). With increasing rice cultivation time, soil particulate organic carbon decreased, indicating that the paddy soil with a longer rice cultivation history had a stronger capability of carbon sequestration than the soil with a shorter rice cultivation history, and the early cultivated paddy soil still had great potential for carbon sequestration.