Effects of soil erosion and land use patterns on the characteristics of soil water and gas transport in the black soil region

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.017

Abstract

Abstract: Soil erosion is one of the main causes for the degradation of black soil in Northeast China. Understanding the differences of soil water and air transport under different land use patterns can provide scientific basis for efficient utilization and protection of soil and water resources in the black soil area. In this study, we examined the in-situ soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and relative gas diffusion of 0-5 cm soil layer in three typical land use patterns (cropland, woodland, abandoned land) in the Northeast black soil area and explored the impacts of soil erosion and land use pattern on water and gas transport. Results showed that there were significant differences in soil water and air transport between different eroded croplands and between different land use patterns. Soil bulk density of serious erosion cropland was higher than that of other lands, and that of ungraded cropland was significantly lower than other lands. Compared with the ungraded cropland, soil bulk density in the light erosion cropland, the moderate erosion cropland and the serious erosion cropland increased by 12.7%, 17.6% and 39.2%, saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased by 84.4%, 53.7% and 12.7%, air permeability decreased by 94.6%, 64.4% and 14.0%, and relative gas diffusion decreased by 91.3%, 82.6% and 4.3%, respectively. The saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and relative gas diffusion of pine forest decreased by 86.5%, 83.0% and 91.3% respectively compared with that of ungraded cropland, saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and relative gas diffusion of sea-buckthorn forest decreased by 51.7%, 45.6% and 82.6%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and relative gas diffusion of abandoned land decreased by 16.2%, 1.4% and 73.9% respectively compared with that of ungraded cropland. In addition, the measured result of soil air permeability and relative gas diffusion could be used to estimate saturated soil hydraulic conductivity. Soil water and gas transport characteristics were significantly affected by soil erosion and land use pattern.

Key words: land use pattern, soil erosion, saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability, relative gas diffusion

ZHAO Xu, FAN Jun, FU Wei. Effects of soil erosion and land use patterns on the characteristics of soil water and gas transport in the black soil region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1599-1606.

References

[1] 张桃林, 王兴祥. 土壤退化研究的进展与趋向. 自然资源学报, 2000, 15(3): 280-284 [Zhang T-L, Wang X-X. Progress and trend of soil degradation research. Journal of Natural Resources, 2000, 15(3): 280-284]
[2] Alletto L, Coquet Y. Temporal and spatial variability of soil bulk density and near-saturated hydraulic conducti-vity under two contrasted tillage management systems. Geoderma, 2009, 152: 85-94
[3] 刘继龙, 张振华, 谢恒星, 等. 烟台棕壤土饱和导水率的初步研究. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(11): 129-132 [Liu J-L, Zhang Z-H, Xie H-X, et al. Preliminary study on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of brown forest soil in Yantai. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2007, 23(11): 129-132]
[4] 韩蕾, 潘雅文, 朱志梅, 等. 水蚀风蚀交错区不同土地利用方式的土壤水气传输特性. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1415-1422 [Han L, Pan Y-W, Zhu Z-M, et al. The characteristics of soil water and gas transport under different land use patterns in the water-wind erosion crisscross region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1415-1422]
[5] 查小春, 唐克丽. 黄土丘陵林地土壤侵蚀与土壤性质变化. 地理学报, 2003, 58(3): 464-469 [Zha X-C, Tang K-L. Soil erosion and change of soil properties in loess hilly forest land. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(3): 464-469]
[6] 高朝侠, 徐学选, 宇苗子, 等. 黄土塬区土地利用方式对土壤大孔隙特征的影响. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(6): 1578-1584 [Gao C-X, Xu X-X, Yu M-Z, et al. Impact of land use tapes on soil macropores in the loess region. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(6): 1578-1584]
[7] Bodhinayake W, Si BC. Near-saturated surface soil hydraulic properties under different land uses in the St Denis National Wildlife Area, Saskatchewan, Canada. Hydrological Processes, 2004, 18: 2835-2850
[8] Zimmermann B, Elsenbeer H, De Moraes JM, et al. The influence of land-use changes on soil hydraulic properties: Implications for runoff generation. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 222: 29-38
[9] Dörner J, Dec D, Thiers O, et al. Spatial and temporal variability of physical properties of Aquands under diffe-rent land uses in southern Chile. Soil Use and Management, 2016, 32: 411-421
[10] 邵明安, 王全九, 黄明斌. 土壤物理学. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 38-39 [Shao M-A, Wang Q-J, Huang M-B. Soil Physics. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006: 38-39]
[11] Ahmed F, Nestingen R, Nieber JL, et al. A modified Philip-Dunne infiltrometer for measuring the Field-Saturated hydraulic conductivity of surface soil. Vadose Zone Journal, 2014, 13: 1-14
[12] Mohammadi M, Vanclooster M. A simple device for field and laboratory measurements of soil air permeability. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2019, 83: 58-63
[13] Kuncoro PH, Koga K. A simple and low cost method for measuring gas diffusivity and air permeability over a single soil cylinder. Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics, 2012, 120: 55-60
[14] Jones HG. Plant and Microclimate: A Quantitative Approach to Environmental Plant Physiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992
[15] Currie JA. Gaseous diffusion in porous media.Ⅰ. A non-steady state method. British Journal of Applied Physics, 1960, 11: 314-317
[16] 刘晓冰, 周克琴, 苗淑杰, 等. 土壤侵蚀影响作物产量及其因素分析. 土壤与作物, 2012, 1(4): 205-211 [Liu X-B, Zhou K-Q, Miao S-J, et al. Crop yield and relevant factors as affected by soil erosion. Soil and Crops, 2012, 1(4): 205-211]
[17] 刘慧, 魏永霞. 黑土区土壤侵蚀厚度对土地生产力的影响及其评价. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(20): 288-296 [Liu H, Wei Y-X. The influence and evaluation of soil erosion thickness on land productivity in black soil area. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(20): 288-296]
[18] Nikodem A, Kodesova R, Jaksik O, et al. Spatial and temporal variability of soil hydraulic properties of topsoil affected by soil erosion. EGU General Assembly Confe-rence, Vienna, 2014: 6619
[19] Jarvis N, Koestel J, Messing I, et al. Influence of soil, land use and climatic factors on the hydraulic conducti-vity of soil. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2013, 17: 5185-5195
[20] Scheffler R, Neill C, Krusche AV, et al. Soil hydraulic response to land-use change associated with the recent soybean expansion at the Amazon agricultural frontier. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2011, 144: 281-289
[21] 彭文英, 张科利, 陈瑶, 等. 黄土坡耕地退耕还林后土壤性质变化研究. 自然资源学报, 2005, 20(2): 272-278 [Peng W-Y, Zhang K-L, Chen Y, et al. Study on the change of soil properties after returning farmland to forest on Loess sloping farmland. Journal of Natural Resources, 2005, 20(2): 272-278]
[22] 彭舜磊, 由文辉, 沈会涛. 植被群落演替对土壤饱和导水率的影响. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(11): 78-84 [Peng S-L, You W-H, Shen H-T. Effect of vegetation succession on saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2010, 26(11): 78-84]
[23] Wijaya K, Nishimura T, Setiawan B, et al. Spatial varia-bility of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in paddy field in accordance to subsurface percolation. Paddy and Water Environment, 2010, 8: 113-120
[24] Iversen BV, Moldrup P, Schjonning P, et al. Air and water permeability in differently textured soils at two measurement scales. Soil Science, 2001, 166: 643-659
[25] Rahmati M, Neyshaboury MR. Soil air permeability modeling and its use for predicting unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2016, 80: 1507-1513
[26] Masismelendez F, Deepagoda TK, De Jonge LW, et al. Gas diffusion-derived tortuosity governs saturated hydraulic conductivity in sandy soils. Journal of Hydrology, 2014, 512: 388-396
[27] 王卫华, 王全九, 李淑芹. 长武地区土壤导气率及其与导水率的关系. 农业工程学报, 2009, 25(11): 120-127 [Wang W-H, Wang Q-J, Li S-Q. Soil air permeability and its relationship with water conductivity in Changwu area. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2009, 25(11): 120-127]