The transcriptome database of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), was used to identify the functional gene-microsatellite (EST-SSR) markers and to analyze the SSR loci information. In total, 1890 EST-SSR loci were identified, of which, 1296 SSR sequences could be used for primer design. The average distribution frequency of the transcriptomic SSRs was 1/10.21 kb. However, these distribution frequencies varied considerably among different types of repeat SSRs. The trinucleotide repeat SSRs were found to have the highest frequency among the different types of repeat SSRs in the EST-SSR of B. dorsalis. Combining with other literatures, we inferred that the trinucleotide repeat SSRs were the most abundant EST-SSR in all of insects. In this study, 42 pairs of EST-SSR primers were designed and 18 pairs produced amplification bands of expected sizes. According to the results of other related literatures, the practices and challenges of strategy for SSR isolation from insect transcriptome databases were discussed, and the problems which should be considered in the screening of insect transcriptomic EST-SSR were put forward.