Abstract: Based on the data of soil moisture content and indoor soil surface spectral reflectance from five sampling sites of coastal saline soil, this paper analyzed the relationship between soil moisture content and soil spectrum in wavelength 350-2500 nm. We determined spectral parameters under ratio spectral index (RSI), normalized difference spectral index (NDSI) and difference spectral index (DI), and established the quantitative model of soil moisture content. The results showed significant negative correlation between spectral reflectance and soil moisture content, and the maximum negative correlation was near 1930 nm (r=0.86). By comparison of the regression equation of RSI, NDSI and DI, it was found that the regression equation of exponential function (y=0.00001e^9.72053x) built by soil moisture content based on RSI (R₁₄₀₇,R₁₄₅₉) presented the maximum R₂(0.780) and the minimum SE (0.016). The established model based on RSI (R₁₄₀₇, R₁₄₅₉) could be used to monitor soil moisture content accurately in Jiangsu coastal saline soils.