Soil microbial community structure in Picea asperata plantations with different ages in subalpine of western Sichuan, Southwest China.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201702.028

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of four Picea asperata plantations with different ages (50-, 38-, 27- and 20-year-old), in subalpine of western Sichuan, on the characteristics of soil microbial diversity and microbial community structure were studied by the method of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles. The results showed that, with the increase of age, the contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen gradually improved, while Shannon’s diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index of soil microorganisms increased at first and then decreased. The amounts of microbial total PLFAs, bacterial PLFAs, fungal PLFAs, actinobacterial PLFAs, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) PLFAs in soils consistently increased with increasing age. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the soil microbial communities in different plantations were structurally distinct from each other. The first principal component (PC1) and the second principal component (PC2) together accounted for 66.8% of total variation of the soil microbial community structure. The redundancy analysis (RDA) of soil microbial community structure and environmental factors showed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium, and fine root mass were the key determinants influencing the microbial community structure. Our study suggested that, with the extension of artificialafforestation time, the soil fertility and microbial biomass were enhanced, and the restoration processes of forest ecosystem were stable.

LUO Da, LIU Shun, SHI Zuo-min, FENG Qiu-hong, LIU Qian-li, ZHANG Li, HUANG Quan, HE Jian-she. Soil microbial community structure in Picea asperata plantations with different ages in subalpine of western Sichuan, Southwest China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(2): 519-527.

References

[1] Yao H, He Z, Wilson MJ, et al. Microbial biomass and community structure in a sequence of soils with increa-sing fertility and changing land use. Microbial Ecology, 2000, 40: 223-237
[2] Schloter M, Dilly O, Munch JC. Indicators for evaluating soil quality. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2003, 98: 255-262
[3] Zelles L, Bai QY, Beck T, et al. Signature fatty acids in phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides as indicators of microbial biomass and community structure in agricultu-ral soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1992, 24: 317-323
[4] Zhang D (张地), Zhang Y-X (张育新), Qu L-Y (曲来叶), et al. Effects of altitude on soil microbial community in Quercus liaotungensis forest. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2012, 23(8): 2041-2048 (in Chinese)
[5] Xia Z-C (夏志超), Kong C-H (孔垂华), Wang P (王朋), et al. Characteristics of soil microbial community structure in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2012, 23(8): 2135-2140 (in Chinese)
[6] Kara Ö, Bolat I, Çakiroglu K, et al. Plant canopy effects on litter accumulation and soil microbial biomass in two temperate forests. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2008, 45: 193-198
[7] Liu Y (刘义), Chen J-S (陈劲松), Liu Q (刘庆), et al. Nitrification and denitrification in subalpine coniferous forests of different restoration stages in wes-tern Sichuan, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (植物生态学报), 2006, 30(1): 90-96 (in Chinese)
[8] Zhang Y, Gu F, Liu S, et al. Variations of carbon stock with forest types in subalpine region of southwestern China. Forest Ecology and Management, 2013, 300: 88-95
[9] Zhang Y-D (张远东), Zhao C-M (赵常明), Liu S-R (刘世荣). Woodland hydrological effects of spruce plantations and natural secondary series in sub-alpine region of western Sichuan. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2004, 19(6): 761-768 (in Chinese)
[10] Zhang Y-D (张远东), Liu S-R (刘世荣), Luo C-W (罗传文), et al. Water holding capacity of ground covers and soils in different land uses and land covers in subalpine region of western Sichuan, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2009, 29(2): 627-635 (in Chinese)
[11] Bao W-K (包维楷), Zhang Y-L (张镱锂), Wang Q (王乾), et al. Plant diversity along a time sequence (1-30 years) of artificial forest rehabilitation on subalpine cut land in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2002, 26(3): 330-338 (in Chinese)
[12] Yin H, Chen Z, Liu Q. Effects of experimental warming on soil N transformations of two coniferous species, Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2012, 50: 77-84
[13] Pang X-Y (庞学勇), Liu Q (刘庆), Liu S-Q (刘世全), et al. Changes of soil fertility quality properties under subalpine spruce plantation in Western Sichuan. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2004, 24(2): 261-267 (in Chinese)
[14] Frostegård A, Bååth E, Tunlio A. Shifts in the structure of soil microbial communities in limed forests as revealed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1993, 25: 723-730
[15] Bossio DA, Scow KM, Gunapala N, et al. Determinants of soil microbial communities: Effects of agricultural management, season, and soil type on phospholipid fatty acid profiles. Microbial Ecology, 1998, 36: 1-12
[16] Hättenschwiler S, Gasser P. Soil animals alter plant litter diversity effects on decomposition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States America, 2005, 102: 1519-1524
[17] Gessner MO, Swan CM, Dang CK, et al. Diversity meets decomposition. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2010, 25: 372-380
[18] Fu X, Yang F, Wang J, et al. Understory vegetation leads to changes in soil acidity and in microbial communities 27 years after reforestation. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 502: 280-286
[19] Luo D (罗达), Shi Z-M (史作民), Tang J-C (唐敬超), et al. Soil microbial community structure of monoculture and mixed plantation stands of native tree species in south subtropical China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2014, 25(9): 2543-2550 (in Chinese)
[20] Wang W-X (王卫霞), Shi Z-M (史作民), Luo D (罗达), et al. Characteristics of soil microbial biomass and community composition in three types of plantations in southern subtropical area of China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2013, 24(7): 1784-1792 (in Chinese)
[21] Wang W-X (王卫霞), Luo D (罗达), Shi Z-M (史作民), et al. Effects of afforestation on soil microbial community structure in the arid valley of Minjiang River. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2014, 34(4): 890-898 (in Chinese)
[22] Cao Y, Fu S, Zou X, et al. Soil microbial community composition under Eucalyptus plantations of different age in subtropical China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2010, 46: 128-135
[23] Huang Z, Wan X, He Z, et al. Soil microbial biomass, community composition and soil nitrogen cycling in relation to tree species in subtropical China. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2013, 62: 68-75
[24] Chen L-Q (陈礼清), Zhang D-J (张丹桔), Zhang J (张健). Soil microbial biodiversity across a range of Eucalyptus grandis plantation ages. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University (四川农业大学学报), 2011, 29(4): 472-476 (in Chinese)
[25] Waid JS. Does soil biodiversity depend upon metabiotic activity and influences? Applied Soil Ecology, 1999, 13: 151-158
[26] Griffiths BS, Ritz K, Ebblewhite N, et al. Soil microbial community structure: Effects of substrate loading rates. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1998, 31: 145-153
[27] Craine JM, Morrow C, Fierer N. Microbial nitrogen li-mitation increases decomposition. Ecology, 2007, 88: 2105-2113
[28] Mendham DS, Sankaran KV, O’connell AM, et al. Eucalyptus globulus harvest residue management effects on soil carbon and microbial biomass at 1 and 5 years after plantation establishment. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2002, 34: 1903-1912
[29] Ushio M, Wagai R, Balser TC, et al. Variations in the soil microbial community composition of a tropical montane forest ecosystem: Does tree species matter? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2008, 40: 2699-2702
[30] Wagai R, Kitayama K, Satomura T, et al. Interactive influences of climate and parent material on soil micro-bial community structure in Bornean tropical forest ecosystems. Ecological Research, 2011, 26: 627-636
[31] Grayston SJ, Campbell CD, Bardgett RD, et al. Asses-sing shifts in microbial community structure across a range of grasslands of differing management intensity using CLPP, PLFA and community DNA techniques. Applied Soil Ecology, 2004, 25: 63-84
[32] Lundquist EJ, Jackson LE, Scow KM, et al. Changes in microbial biomass and community composition, and soil carbon and nitrogen pools after incorporation of rye into three California agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1999, 31: 221-236
[33] Williamson WM, Wardle DA, Yeates GW. Changes in soil microbial and nematode communities during ecosystem decline across a long-term chronosequence. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 1289-1301
[34] Hackl E, Pfeffer M, Donat C, et al. Composition of the microbial communities in the mineral soil under different types of natural forest. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 661-671
[35] Dix NJ, Webster JR. Fungal Ecology. London: Chapman & Hall, 1995
[36] Lucas-Borja ME, Candel D, Jindo K, et al. Soil microbial community structure and activity in monospecific and mixed forest stands, under Mediterranean humid conditions. Plant and Soil, 2012, 354: 359-370
[37] Pietri JCA, Brookes PC. Substrate inputs and pH as factors controlling microbial biomass, activity and community structure in an arable soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2009, 41: 1396-1405
[38] Högberg MN, Högberg P, Myrold DD. Is microbial community composition in boreal forest soils determined by pH, C-to-N ratio, the trees, or all three? Oecologia, 2007, 150: 590-601
[39] De Vries FT, Hoffland E, van Eekeren N, et al. Fungal/bacterial ratios in grasslands with contrasting nitrogen management. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2006, 38: 2092-2103
[40] Rousk J, Brookes PC, Bååth E. Contrasting soil pH effects on fungal and bacterial growth suggest functional redundancy in carbon mineralization. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2009, 75: 1589-1596
[41] Boyle SA, Yarwood RR, Bottomley PJ, et al. Bacterial and fungal contributions to soil nitrogen cycling under Douglas fir and red alder at two sites in Oregon. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2008, 40: 443-451
[42] Fierer N, Schimel JP, Holden PA. Variations in microbial community composition through two soil depth profiles. 2003, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2003, 35: 167-176
[43] Bossio DA, Scow KM. Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: Phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns. Microbial Ecology, 1998, 35: 265-278
[44] Wang QK, Wang SL. Soil microbial properties and nu-trients in pure and mixed Chinese fir plantations. Journal of Forestry Research, 2008, 19: 131-135
[45] Frostegård Å, Tunlid A, Bååth E. Changes in microbial community structure during long-term incubation in two soils experimentally contaminated with metals. Soil Bio-logy and Biochemistry, 1996, 28: 55-63