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Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1687-1698.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.002

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Effects of temperature increase on zooplankton size spectra in thermal discharge seawaters near a power plant, China

YU Jing1, ZHU Yi-feng1,2,3*, DAI Mei-xia1, LIN Xia1,3, MAO Shuo-qian2   

  1. 1School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China;
    2Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, Zhejiang, China;
    3Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2016-08-15 Revised:2017-02-07 Published:2017-05-18
  • Contact: *E-mail: zhuyifeng@nbu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Ocean in the Public Interest (201105009-3), the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (2011BAD13B08), the Zhejiang Province Xinmiao Talents Project (2014R405047), and the Zhejiang Open Foundation of the Most Important Subjects for Aquaculture in Ningbo University (421500052)

Abstract: Utilizing the plankton Ⅰ (505 μm), Ⅱ (160 μm), Ⅲ (77 μm) nets to seasonally collect zooplankton samples at 10 stations and the corresponding abundance data was obtained. Based on individual zooplankton biovolume, size groups were classified to test the changes in spatiotemporal characteristics of both Sheldon and normalized biovolume size spectra in thermal discharge seawaters near the Guohua Power Plant, so as to explore the effects of temperature increase on zooplankton size spectra in the seawaters. The results showed that the individual biovolume of zooplankton ranged from 0.00012 to 127.0 mm3·ind-1, which could be divided into 21 size groups, and corresponding logarithmic ranges were from -13.06 to 6.99. According to Sheldon size spectra, the predominant species to form main peaks of the size spectrum in different months were Copepodite larvae, Centropages mcmurrichi, Calanus sinicus, fish larvae, Sagitta bedoti, Sagitta nagae and Pleurobrachia globosa, and minor peaks mostly consisted of individuals with smaller larvae, Cyclops and Paracalanus aculeatus. In different warming sections, Copepodite larvae, fish eggs and Cyclops were mostly unaffected by the temperature increase, while the macrozooplankton such as S. bedoti, S. nagae, P. globosa, C. sinicus and Beroe cucumis had an obvious tendency to avoid the outfall of the power plant. Based on the results of normalized size spectra, the intercepts from low to high occurred in November, February, May and August, respectively. At the same time, the minimum slope was found in February, and similarly bigger slopes were observed in May and August. These results indicated that the proportion of small zooplankton was highest in February, while the proportions of the meso- and macro-zooplankton were relatively high in May and August. Among different sections, the slope in the 0.2 km section was minimum, which increased with the increase of section distance to the outfall. The result obviously demonstrated that the closer the distance was from outfall of the power plant, the smaller the zooplankton became. On the whole, the average intercept of normalized size spectrum in Xiangshan Bay was 4.68, and the slope was -0.655.