Behavior time budget of rearing Grus japonensis during breeding season

Abstract

Abstract: From April to June in 2000 and 2001 in Harbin Zoo,the behavior time budget of two groups of rearing G.japonensis during breeding season were studied and compared with that of the wild.The results showed that there was significant difference on time budget between the rearing and the wild.The time budget percentages of Grus gaponensis were walking 39.8%, resting 21.9%,feeding 21 0%,preening 14.5% and breeding 2 8%,respectively.The rearing had obvious daily behavior rhythm during breeding season with walking behavior getting the peak at noon and others appearing mainly in the morning and afternoon.Among three breeding stages,there was no significant difference at 0.05 level on time budget,but it still could be observed that the breeding behavior at middle stage was higher than those at other stages.There was no significant difference between time budgets of male and female.Sky condition,that is,sunshine or rain,was an important factor affecting the behavior time budget.It could be concluded that the behavior time budget of G.japonensis during breeding season significantly differed from that of the wild,which may be regarded as a comprehensive performance of adaptation to environmental changes.

Key words: Suzhou area, Urbanization, Pedodiversity, Spatial-temporal characteristics

CLC Number:

Q958.12

TIAN Xiuhua, SU Haijun, MA Jianzhang. Behavior time budget of rearing Grus japonensis during breeding season[J]. cje, 2005, (4): 406-409.

References

[1] 马国恩.1982.丹顶鹤繁殖习性的初步研究[J].野生动物,4(1):10～16.
[2] 马逸清,李晓明.2002.丹顶鹤研究[M].上海:上海科技教育出版社,79～87.
[3] 冯科民,李金录.1986.丹顶鹤的繁殖生态[J].东北林业大学学报,14(3):39～45.
[4] 刘建,赛道建,胡昆.2001.笼养东方白鹳春季行为和时间分配的研究[J].动物学报,47(专刊):144～147.
[5] 朱永勤.1989.笼养丹顶鹤行为的观察[J].吉林林业科技,(1):30～31.
[6] 苏立志,许杰,周德胜.1987.丹顶鹤繁殖期雌雄行为差异[J].野生动物,4(5):18～21.
[7] 李拥军,赵万里,丁家桐,等.1999.人工饲养丹顶鹤繁殖季节行为的初步观察[J].江苏农业研究,20(1):61～64.
[8] 周晓禹,刘振生,吴建平,等.2002.丹顶鹤繁殖期行为时间分配及活动规律[J].东北林业大学学报,30(1):60～62.
[9] 杨晓君,文贤继,杨岚.1995.笼养白腹锦鸡繁殖季节的时间分配[J].动物学研究,16(2):178～184.
[10] 杨晓君,杨岚.1996.笼养绿孔雀行为活动时间分配的初步观察[J].动物学报,42(增刊):106～111.
[11] 徐铁林,吴长申,王进军.1986.丹顶鹤半散放繁殖的初步研究[A].见:马逸清.中国鹤类研究文集[C].哈尔滨:黑龙江教育出版社.
[12] David A, John A, Schelt S, et al. 1991. Illustration on individual behaviors of cranes [A]. In: Forestry Ministry of Heilongjiang Province, ed. International Conservation and Researches on Cranes[C]. Beijing: China Forestry Press, 164～173.
[13] Enoksson B. 1990. Time budget of Nuthatches ( Sitta europaea )with supplementary food [J]. Ibis, 132: 575～582.
[14] Paul AJ. 1983. Crane of The World [M]. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 11～24.
[15] Turner AK. 1982. Timing of laying by swallows(Hirundo rustica) and sand martins( Rirparia ripariag)[J] . J. Anim. Ecol.,51:29～46.
[16] Verbeek N. 1972. Daily and annual time budget of the yellow billed magpie [J]. Auk, 89: 576～582.