Landscape pattern and their formation of urban ecosystems

Abstract

Abstract: This paper reviewed the concepts,research method and experience about urban landscape,the basic characteristics of urban landscape,and the main driving factors of urban landscape formation.The results showed that high human-dominance,fragmentation,instability and heterogeneity are the basic important characteristics of urban landscape.Regional physical conditions,development history and particular cultural features,transportation system and cities' functions are the major driving forces to affect urban landscape formation.Urban evolved landscape patterns would determine the various processes of urban ecosystem,such as the material cycling,energy flow and biological process.Sustainable urban landscape patterns might strengthen urban ecosystem's services,such as improving micro-climate,purifying urban air,reducing urban noise,changing urban surface hydrological conditions,degrading urban pollution,and providing various recreational functions for urban citizens.

Key words: Taklamakan Desert, Tamarix ramosissima, Populus euphratica, Water potential

CLC Number:

Q998

LI Weifeng, OUYANG Zhiyun, WANG Rusong, WANG Xiaoke. Landscape pattern and their formation of urban ecosystems[J]. cje, 2005, (4): 428-432.

References

[1] 王如松.1988.高效、和谐:城市生态调控原理与方法[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社.
[2] 王承慧.1999.中等城市中心区空间形态浅析[J].城市规划汇刊,(1):66～68.
[3] 孙晖,梁江.2002.大连城市形态历史格局的特质分析[J].建筑创作,2(3):12～15.
[4] 张勇强.2001.城市形态网络拓扑研究--以武汉市为例.规划、园林建筑及绿化[J].华中建筑,19(6):58～59.
[5] 苏毓德.1997.台北市道路形态发展对城市外部形状演变的影响[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),27(3):46～51.
[6] 邱建华.2002.交通方式的进步对城市空间结构、城市规划的影响[J].城市广角,4(27):67～69.
[7] 邹卓君,杨建军.2003.城市形态演变与城市水系动态关系探讨[J].规划师,19(2):87～90.
[8] 陈力,关瑞明.2000.城市空间形态中的人类行为[J].华侨大学学报(自然科学版),21(3):296～301.
[9] 陈玮.2001.城市形态与山地地形[J].南方建筑,(2):12～14.
[10] 周维钧.1993.厦门城市形态与结构布局[J].城市规划,17(3):32～36.
[11] 袁艺,史培军,刘颖慧,等.2003.快速城市化过程中土地覆盖格局研究[J].生态学报,23(9):1832～1840.
[12] 陶松龄,陈蔚镇.2001.上海城市形态的演化与文化魄力的探究[J].规划师随笔,25(1):74～76.
[13] 顾朝林,陈振光.1994.中国大都市空间增长形态[J].城市规划,18(6):45～50.
[14] 傅伯杰,等.2001.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社.
[15] 储茂东,王录仓.1998.过境公路与城市形态互动互扰机理研究--以甘肃省酒泉市为例[J].经济地理,18(4):90～93.
[16] 新望.2003.长江三角洲城市演进[J].宁波经济,4:15～17.
[17] Beissinger S, Osborne D. 1982. Effects of urbanization on avian community organization [J]. Condor, 84: 75～83.
[18] Collins J P, Kinzig A, Grimm NB, et al . 2000. A new urban ecology [J]. Amer. Sci. ,88(5) :416～425.
[19] Forman R, Godron M. 1986. Landscape Ecology[M]. New York:John Wiley and Sons.
[20] Godron M, Forman R. 1983. Landscape modification and changing ecological characteristics [ A] . In: Mooney HA, eds. Disturbance and Ecosystems [C]. New York: Springer-Verlag, 12～28.
[21] Grimm NB, Grove JM, Pickett STA, et al. 2000. Integrated approaches to long-term studies of urban ecological systems [J].Biol. Sci., 50(7): 571～584.
[22] Haughton G, Hunter C. 1994. Sustainable Cities, Regional Policy and Development [M]. London:Jessica Kingsley.