Abstract: To establish a rational evaluation index system is the basis of scientifically evaluating the benefit of ecological restoration for controlling regional water and soil loss. Based on the analysis of current researches on ecological benefit evaluation index system of ecological restoration for controlling water and soil loss, and the latest research achievements, it was suggested that besides the benefit of water and soil conservation, the monitoring and evaluation of vegetation structure, biological diversity, and ecological processes should be strengthened to make that the benefit evaluation of  ecological estoration for water and soil loss can be conducted on ecosystem health level.

Key words: Forest inventory data, Forest biomass, Model