Redundancy and adaptation of flowers of scarlet Phaseolus coccineusand and Vicia faba

Abstract

Abstract: A study on the redundancy and adaptation of the flowers of both Phaseolus coccineus and Vicia faba was conducted by nipping some flowers, which simulated natural disturbances. The experiment showed that time redundancy of inflorescences and flowers and quantitative redundancy of flowers ensured that P. coccineusand and V. faba have some inflorescences and flowers which could avoid the disturbances of environmental factors and thus bear legumes. The percentage of valid flowers of control and treatment of P. coccineusare were both 2.2%. However, the percentage of valid inflorescences of treatment of P. coccineusis was 29.0%, which was nearly twice that of control(15.9%). As for V. faba, the mean number of legumes per plant of control was 3.1; the treatment by which the flowers of the earlier stage were nipped, was 3.2; and the treatment by which the legumes of the earlier stage were nipped,was 3.1. According to the experiment, the middle and upper flowers of an inflorescence of P. coccineusand and the smaller flowers of an inflorescence of V. faba, which usually wither and appear self-thinning were so-called'invalid flowers'. However, when they were maintained with the other flowers of the same inflorescence being nipped, they could bear legumes. The experiment also showed that the mean number of legumes per inflorescence of P. coccineus and that of broad bean did not increase, though enough nutrient had been provided for plant growth.There for nutrient was not a limitation foctor for an individual plant to give birth to plenty of invalid flowers. In conclusion, plenty of invalid flowers of P. coccineusand and V. fabaare were not a waste but an adaptation to random natural disturbances. Time redundancy of inflorescences and flowers and quantitative redundancy of flowers of P. coccineusand and V. faba play a key role in the survival and reproduction of a plant and the continuance of a population.

Key words: Spodoptera litura, Larval instar, Nuclear polydedrosis virus, Disease epizootic, Distribution of disease time, Complementary log log model

CLC Number:

Q948

LI Yanling, DANG Chenglin. Redundancy and adaptation of flowers of scarlet Phaseolus coccineusand and Vicia faba[J]. cje, 2003, (6): 33-37.

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