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cje ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (6): 70-76.

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Review on the ecological relationships between forest trees and ectomycorrhizal fungi

ZHU Jiaojun1,2, XU Hui1, XU Meiling1,3, KANG Hongzhang 1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
    3. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
  • Received:2003-04-15 Revised:2003-05-18 Online:2003-12-10

Abstract: Microorganisms exist in almost every process of ecosystems,of which,one of the most important functional microorganism groups is mycorrhizal fungus. Generally,most plant species form a kind of symbiosis with beneficial fungi,which is called mycorrhiza. Mycorrhiza is considered as such a fundamental part of plants that most species could not survive in nature without it. Mycorrhiza can be classified into about seven types according to kind of fungus,kind of host plant,and morphology of the interface,which belong to three groups,i.e.,ectomycorrhiza(EM),endomycorrhiza(VAM),and ecten-endomycorrhiza. Most of ectomycorrhizal host plants are tree species in families of pine,oak and etc. EM fungi form hyphae a mantle of interwoven fungal on the surface of the fine roots and a Hartig's net, between the cells in the root. EM fungi have been applied in forest management and silviculture. The research on interactions between EM fungi and trees can be summarized as follows: 1)Growth response of trees to EM fungi; 2)Effects of EM fungi on biodiversity,stability and productivity of forest; 3)Ecological-comprehensive effects of EM on forest system such as increasing the effective survival of trees,improving soil structure and soil microbiology,and resisting to invasion by exotic plant species; 4)Antagonism of EM fungi to pathogens of roots. Further research EM should include:1)Mechanism of symbiosis between EM and tree roots; 2)The effects of EM fungi on degraded forest ecosystem and the application in restoration of degraded ecosystem; 3)Relationships between distribution pattern of EM fungi and service functions of forest ecosystem; and 4)Comprehensive impacts of EM fungi on forest ecosystem.

Key words: Herbicide, Weed-controlling, Resistance, Rice production, Environmental pollution

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