Abstract: Taking the Vaccinium uliginosum community under Larixolgensis forest in Changbai Mountains as test object, an investigation was conducted on the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S and their composition characteristics in various soil layers. The root system of the V. uliginosum community was mainly distributed in the surface soil which was covered by moss and by the litters from Larix and Vaccinium, and few were in the mineral soil layer which was developed from pozzuolana. As compared with those in larch litter, the total N, P, and K contents in two moss taxa, Sphagnum and Plytrichum, were obviously higher, the total Ca content was slightly lower, whereas the total Mg and S contents were similar. These results suggested that dead mosses were the main sources of the N, P, and K for the V. uliginosum community. The litters of V. uliginosum, though their proportion in litter layer was small, still played an important role in nutrient supply, because of their higher contents of N, P, Ca, and S. From the top towards the bottom, the soil was divided into five layers, i.e., live moss layer (L), dead moss layer (F), semidecomposed layer (A1), peat layer (A2), and pozzolanic layer (C). The soil total N content showed a decline pattern in the order of F>L>A1>A2>C, the total P was in the order of L≈F≈A1>A2>C, the total K was L≈F<A1<A2<C, the total S was L≈F≈A1>A2>C, the total Ca was L≈F>A1, and the total Mg was L<F<A1. In A2 and C layers, the contents of available mineral elements N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, except for S, in C layer were obviously lower than those in A2 layer. In addition, the higher pH value in C layer than in A2 layer restricted the root growth of V. uliginosum.