Abstract: Based on the situation cf water resource shortage in North China, this paper anajyses the key problems leading to water resource tension and managerial difficulties in this country. The origin and design of the prcject"water transfer from the south to north China" are introduced, The beneficial and detrimental effects of the project on ece-environment are summarized, and its economical and related aspects and its feasibility are also evaluated.

Key words: mid-subtropics, natural Castanopsis carlesii forest, CH₄ uptake rate, soil temperature, soil moisture