Abstract: A new type of ecological community is established by interplanting Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) shelterbelt in tea plantations on mountainous lands. Through investigation and analysis on various parameters about tea tree, Chinese fir, soil and atmosphere, the results indicate that this kind of community can improve ecological environment in tea plantations and quality of tea-leaves, and raise per unit yield of tea. It is a new way for establishing better ecological tea plantations on mountainous lands of southern China, with tea trees as the main body and Chinese fir as protective shield and with combined development of tea and Chinese fir.