Abstract: Boat surveys were made in 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1992 and 1996 on the species and number of water fowl on the Yangtze River from Gezhouba to Chongqing. ①84 species were recorded, belonging to 26 families of 12 orders. The Anatidae, Hirundinidae and Apodidae are dominant taxa. ②Spotbill Duck, Mallard, Common Teal, House Swallow, Sand Martin have large population,while Merganser, Ruddy Shelduck, Great Crested Grebe have small population. ③These species use the Yangtze as their migration routes, and distribute along the way. ④405 Large Egret roost on the signaling boats by night in the Section between Zhongxian and Fengjie. ⑤After the construction of the Gezhou Dam, the river has widened, and the number of birds increased. 28 Mandarin Duck were found playing in this area in November 1992 and 1996.

Key words: hilly red soil region, reforestation, soil nutrient, microbe.