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Gravity transfer characteristics and common relationships of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in typical area. 

HE Yu-hua1,2, ZHANG Dong-shui1*, QIU Bing-wen2*, LI Yan-ting3, HAN Yong-shun1, LIU Xian-zhao1   

  1. (1School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China; 2College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 3Department of Geological Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

Abstract: With the development of society and economy, the gravity center and spatial structure of mangrove communities would change. The center of gravity model could be used to construct transfer distance and direction, and explore spatial transfer characteristics and distribution pattern of mangrove communities.  Multisource and multitemporal remote sensing data in past 25 years were used to extract information of mangrove forests in China and information of Avicennia marina, Kandelia obovata, Aegiceras corniculatum, Phragmites karka and Cyperus malaccensis in a typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary by GIS and remote sensing technology. With the center of gravity model, gravity transfer characteristics and common relations of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in the typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary were analyzed from whole to part perspective. The results showed that: (1) There was a clear deviation of mangrove center of gravity in the northeast direction. This deviation was mainly reflected in longitude, with an imbalance between the east and the west. Mangrove center of gravity was mainly located at the entrance to the sea, and pointed to the area where river network was dense and economic was prosperous. (2) Center of gravity of mangrove communities was dominated by the direction of southeast, pointing to high aggregation area of the mangrove communities. Mangrove communities gradually spread to northern and eastern areas. The center of gravity showed a trend toward the north. (3) The common characteristics of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area were of consistency, retraction and hierarchy. The main features were as follows: both directions of gravity transfer of mangrove forests and mangrove communities were basically consistent with the trend of coastal intertidal zone; the directions of track of the two pointed to the harbor or estuary bay covered well by waves; the center of gravity of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area had different degrees of retraction after 2005 and 2011, respectively. To a certain extent, the center of gravity transfer of mangrove communities in the typical area belonged to the enlarged situation of provincial-level mangrove gravity center transfer, with the former reflecting the local internal structure characteristics and the latter reflecting the overall characteristics. Our results would help management agencies to propose protective measures and plans for the balanced, stable and sustainable growth of mangrove.

Key words: wheat, waterlogging, yield, tillering, grain-filling.