Abstract: We summarized the effects of water resources and hydropower engineering on river connectivity and the strategies in construction of fish passage facilities. We further analyzed demands for facilities construction in China from the aspects of river fragmentation and fish migration, and introduced the achievements of facilities construction in China. We had recommendations on six issues of fish passage facilities: (1) Scientifically select target fish species using quantitative and multifactorial methods. (2) Conduct experiments on fish swimming behaviors under more natural conditions, using large swim channels and more complex flow patterns. (3) Invest in large fishways with high flows (>1% river flow) to attract and pass more fish. (4) Build facilities that could assist downstream passage of fish and allow fish to pass low head hydraulic structures. (5) Expand data collection by increasing the number of monitoring sites and the duration and frequency of monitoring. (6) Work cooperatively on fish habitat restoration, breed/release programs, ecological operation of dams, and stratified water intakes to improve fish passage facilities and fish stocks.

Key words: fine root biomass, soil, fine root necromass., vegetation succession