Abstract: The ideal spatial structure of forest ecosystem and its expression is a hotspot and difficulty in forest management research. Taking the Dongting Lake wetland forest ecosystems as the objects, and selecting the mingling degree, competition index, uniform angle index, neighborhood comparison, stand layer index, spatial density index, and openness comparison index as the multi-objective indices, the multi-objective optimization was transformed into the genetic evolutionary optimization process of populations in this paper, and a multi-objective optimization model for forest spatial distribution was established. The model could output an ideal spatial structure (assemblage) with stable structure and complete ecological function for managing the various natural secondary forests in Dongting Lake area, and provide the target structure and quantitative criteria for the optimized operation of structured forest management, the theoretical basis and technical support for the ecological restoration and healthy management of the secondary forests, and a new thinking about the applications of intelligent information technology in the management of spatial structure optimization of forest ecosystems.