Abstract: Wildlife nature reserves are aimed at the conservation of wildlife population and their habitats. The protection efficacy evaluation of wildlife nature reserves is an important way to protect the wildlife resources, and it plays an important role in promoting the management effectiveness and systematic planning of nature reserves. In this paper, the evaluation of nature reserves (including the assessment on conservation value, management effectiveness, and human impact) and the assessment on the efficiency of wildlife conservation were discussed systematically. Concept and content of protection efficacy evaluation of wildlife nature reserves were defined, and the problems existing in the present studies were analyzed. The future researches related to the field should be focused on the dynamic evaluation of target species’ population and habitats, and the effectiveness of patrol and monitoring in the nature reserves.

Key words: winter wheat farmland ecosystem, the North China Plain, flux footprint, eddy covariance system