Samples from typical coastal saline wetlands were selected for soil germination experiment. Meanwhile, the soil physicochemical properties were determined. The relationship between soil seed bank (SSB) and soil characteristic factors were studied by using CCA ordination (canonical correspondence analysis). The results showed that the reserves of SSB in four plots were abundant, but most species were coastal indicator halophytes, and its species composition was simple. Compared with artificial wetlands, conserved natural wetlands had the lower seed density, but higher species richness and stable vegetation community structure. The curves of seed germination rate represented an irregular parabolic shape, while the curve of seed quantity represented an Sshaped distribution. The degree of soil compaction had a great influence on soil germination. Soil seed bank showed a significant vertical hierarchy, and the density of SSB decreased with the increase of soil depth. Large numbers of seeds remained in the 10-15 cm soil layer. By CCA analysis, three obvious clusters were presented. The total salt content, organic matter content and pH were main factors affecting the soil seed bank distribution. However, the permeability of soil was also an important factor that couldn’t be ignored.