A field investigation of bird populations was conducted over the Xianyang International Airport and its adjacent areas by means of line transect method and fixedradius point count during October 2012 and September 2013. There were 147 species of birds (including domestic pigeon) belonging to 16 orders and 34 families recorded through direct observation in field. Bird strike hazard grade was assessed based on frequency, flying height, behavior and probability of birds flying over the runway of the airport, indicating that 8 avian species including Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Common tern (Sterna hirundo), domestic pigeon (Aplogelia Bonaparte), Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), Chinese Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis), Ashy starling (Sturnus cineraceous), Magpie (Cyanopica cyanus) and Sparrow (Passer montanus) were the most dangerous for causing bird strike accidents annually. Accordingly, a series of preventive measures of avoiding bird strike accidents were proposed, including ecological and environmental reformation, dynamic management and control of the bird’s behavior around the flight zone of the airport. The results of the study would provide support for prevention of bird strike occurring around the Xianyang International Airport.