Abstract: To clarify the physiological and ecological mechanism of response of Phyllostachys rivalis to normal moisture condition after longterm waterlogging, the contents of photosynthetic pigments, MDA, soluble protein and nutrients, antioxidant enzyme activity, and relative conductivity in leaves of Ph. rivalis were investigated after three months of resumed water supply to normal level (R3) after threemonth waterlogging (TR3). The results showed that the membrane lipid peroxidation in Ph. rivalis leaves was produced, antioxidant enzyme activity was weakened, cell permeability was enlarged, osmotic adjustment capacity was decreased and the contents of main nutrients and stoichiometric ratio in leaves were adjusted adaptively under TR3 treatment. The antioxidant system of Ph. rivalis could regain effectively under R3 treatment. Compared with TR3 treatment, the SOD activity and soluble protein content under R3 treatment increased by 15.58% and 958%, while the relative conductivity and MDA content decreased by 23.64% and 43.46%, respectively. These indicators all could restore to normal levels. The harm of chloroplast cells could also be repaired to some extent, and the contents of main nutrients and stoichiometric ratios in leaves could get back to normal levels completely. Hence, all results indicated that Ph. Rivalis had an excellent ability to restore growth and could be used for vegetation restoration of wetlands and areas with fluctuating water tables.

Key words: low-temperature stress, leaf surface feature, cold resistance, physiological index